Cancer Guidelines Database

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult cancer patients who are receiving immunotherapy as part of their treatment. The guideline provides recommendations for the management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in these patients. Immunotherapy agents discussed include atezolizumab, ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab, and cemiplimab.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with colorectal cancer who have developed liver metastases. The guideline examines regional therapies for the management of these patients, including conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE), drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE), and transarterial radioembolization (TARE). Outcomes of interest include overall survival, progression-free survival, time to progression, time to hepatic progression, overall response rate, and toxicity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. The guideline examines diagnosis and baseline investigations of suspected or confirmed chronic myeloid leukemia, recommended treatment options, and monitoring criteria. Outcomes of interest include risk of disease progression and survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients undergoing potentially cardiotoxic oncological treatment, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy and radiotherapy. The guideline examines various prevention, detection, treatment and monitoring strategies available for reducing cardiovascular toxicity in these patients. Outcomes of interest include cardiovascular morbidity, and mortality.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of rectal cancer. The guideline provides recommendations regarding diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, and patient surveillance. Outcomes of interest include safety and efficacy of treatment, adverse outcomes, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for survivors of adult-onset cancer in the post-treatment period. The guideline provides screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations, and should be used to supplement the follow-up recommendations of disease-specific guidelines.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with advanced cancer who are experiencing loss of appetite, body weight, and/or lean body mass (i.e. skeletal muscle). The guideline examines nutritional, pharmacologic, and other (e.g. exercise) interventions for managing these patients. Outcomes of interest include body weight, lean body mass, appetite, physical function, and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the identification and treatment of psychosocial problems in patients with cancer. The guideline examines screening tools for distress and meeting psychosocial needs, the initial evaluation and treatment by oncology teams, psychological/psychiatric treatment by mental health professionals, social work and counseling services, and spiritual and chaplaincy care. The Distress Thermometer (DT) is discussed as a useful clinical tool for self-assessing patient distress. Both the DT and the guideline itself use the term "distress" due to its lack of associated stigmatization when compared to terms such as psychosocial, psychiatric, or emotional.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults and children experiencing cancer-related fatigue (CRF). The guideline discusses screening for CRF, as well as evaluation approaches using focused history, assessment of treatable contributing factors, and patient clinical status. General strategies for managing CRF are discussed, and the guideline examines pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for patients based on their placement within the care continuum (i.e. active treatment, post-treatment, and end-of-life).

This is a clinical practice guideline for children and young adults with aggressive mature B-cell lymphomas, including Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The guideline discusses the pathology and diagnosis, staging, initial treatment, disease reassessment, surveillance, therapy for relapsed/refractory disease, and supportive care for these patients. Specific recommendations are provided based on disease type and stage.

This clinical practice guideline is an endorsement of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence and the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer's guidelines for the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The guideline specifically examines different treatment options for patients with clinical stage III N2 NSCLC. Primary outcomes of interest include overall survival and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults and children experiencing cancer-related fatigue (CRF). The guideline discusses screening for CRF, as well as evaluation approaches using focused history, assessment of treatable contributing factors, and patient clinical status. General strategies for managing CRF are discussed, and the guideline examines pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for patients based on their placement within the care continuum (i.e. active treatment, post-treatment, and end-of-life).

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of infusion reactions (IR) caused by cancer medication. The guideline examines prophylaxis, acute management of IRs, as well as re-start and re-challenge protocols. Outcomes of interest include treatment toxicity, adverse events, and the incidence and severity of IRs.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-small cell or small cell lung cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis, management, follow-up, and palliative care for these patients. Outcomes of interest include length of stay in hospital and intensive care units, quality of life, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the identification and treatment of psychosocial problems in patients with cancer. The guideline examines screening tools for distress and meeting psychosocial needs, the initial evaluation and treatment by oncology teams, psychological/psychiatric treatment by mental health professionals, social work and counseling services, and spiritual and chaplaincy care. The Distress Thermometer (DT) is discussed as a useful clinical tool for self-assessing patient distress. Both the DT and the guideline itself use the term "distress" due to its lack of associated stigmatization when compared to terms such as psychosocial, psychiatric, or emotional.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma. The guideline discusses the clinical presentation and workup, pathology, staging, and treatment of these patients. Treatment options are specifically addressed for stage I-III and distant metastatic (stage IV) small bowel adenocarcinomas. Risk factors, post-treatment surveillance and survivorship are also examined.

This clinical practice guideline is for the management of squamous cell anal carcinoma. The guideline provides recommendations on staging, treatment, and follow-up. The effectiveness of treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are compared. Guidance is also provided on dosing regimens, treatment of recurrence, and surveillance following treatment of recurrence.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer. The guideline examines the appropriateness of various post-treatment surveillance procedures, including computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasounds, fluoroscopies, and radiographies. Outcomes of interest include disease recurrence and progression.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with localized renal cell cancer. The guideline examines follow-up and active surveillance strategies for patients with treated or untreated disease. The appropriateness of various radiologic imaging procedures is evaluated, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerized tomography (CT), and ultrasound.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have undergone prostate treatment, specifically radical prostatectomy, radiation treatment, or treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The guideline discusses the management of incontinence in these patients. Specific topics addressed include the risk factors for incontinence, assessment of patients prior to intervention, as well as a stepwise approach to management. Treatment options such as physical therapy, medications and surgery are discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the nutritional management of adult patients with head and neck cancer. The guideline examines appropriate access to nutritional care (screening and assessment), quality nutrition care and nutrition monitoring and evaluation. Outcomes of interest include treatment response, reduced adverse related consequences of malnutrition, and quality of life. This guideline is wiki-based and is constantly updated as new evidence arises - this review pertains to the guideline as of August 30th, 2019.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with lung cancer. Key areas discussed include screening and early detection, diagnostic procedures for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), staging, and management strategies. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with neuroendocrine tumours. The guideline examines diagnosis using histological markers and imaging, management of tumours through appropriate treatment strategies, and appropriate time periods for follow-up. Recommendations are presented for both non-pancreatic and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adolescent, young adult (AYA), and adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The guideline reviews the classification of ALL subtypes based on immunophenotype and cytogenetic/molecular markers, and provides recommendations on risk assessment and stratification for risk-adapted therapy, as well as treatment strategies for Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive and Ph-negative ALL. The guideline also provides recommendations for supportive care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with localized prostate cancer who have undergone radical prostatectomy. The guideline focuses on the use of radiotherapy to reduce the risk of prostate cancer recurrence and clinical progression of cancer in these patients, and provides specifications concerning the timing of radiotherapy while emphasizing the importance of communicating the potential risks and benefits to patients.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have been operated on for sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) and for those in whom a low risk T1 CRC has been completely removed at endoscopy. The guideline discusses the endoscopic surveillance of these patients, and provides recommendations on the appropriate timing of endoscopy (i.e. in specific intervals following surgery), and the age at which to halt the use of surveillance endoscopy. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, CRC-specific survival, relapse-free survival, and adverse effects.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of colon cancer. Recommendations are made for diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, surveillance, and management of recurrence. Principles for the management of metastatic disease are also provided.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with suspected or confirmed seminoma (clinical stages I, IIA, and IIB) or nonseminomatous germ cell tumours (NSGCTs). The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis, staging, treatment selection, and post-treatment surveillance of theses patients. The guideline's primary objective is to limit the burden of therapy and treatment-related toxicity without compromising cancer control. Specific outcomes of interest include treatment-related toxicity, disease recurrence, and survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults who have undergone polypectomy or colorectal cancer resection. The guideline provides a framework on the use of colonoscopy and non-colonoscopic colorectal imaging for the surveillance of these patients. Specific topics addressed include the selection of patients for surveillance, appropriate surveillance intervals, and the timing of surveillance cessation.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cancer of the uterine cervix, including those with squamous cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas. The guideline examines screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Specific topics discussed include investigations of abnormal pap smears, investigations for staging, estrogen replacement therapy, and much more. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a guideline for the prevention, screening/early detection, diagnosis, staging, and management of breast cancer. Management options for early invasive breast cancer, stage I or II tumours, locally advanced breast cancer, inflammatory breast cancer, locoregional recurrence, metastatic breast cancer and special circumstances in breast cancer patients are discussed. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients who have completed treatment for stage I, II, or III colorectal cancer (CRC). The guideline provides recommendations on the post-treatment surveillance of these patients, including the appropriate use and timelines for colonoscopy, computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest, abdomen and pelvis, as well as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) protein tests. The guideline also discusses which providers should lead post-treatment surveillance programs.

This is the standard practice manual for the Alberta bone marrow and blood cell transplant program . The manual provides different recommendations for the use of bone marrow and blood cell transplantation based on disease type. Acute myeloid lymphoma, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and myelodysplastic syndromes are all discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), including those with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The guideline examines the initial evaluation of AML, risk stratification based on cytogenetics and molecular markers, management options, as well as supportive care. Management strategies are separated based on whether patients are above or below sixty years of age.

This is a clinical practice guideline for childhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancer survivors who have been treated with platinum-based drugs, or radiotherapy to the brain or head. The guideline provides recommendations for the monitoring of ototoxicity (hearing loss, tinnitus, or both) in these patients. Specific topics addressed include determining which patients require surveillance, how often surveillance is needed, which surveillance modalities should be used, and what should be done when atypical measurements are identified.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult cancer patients who are at risk for developing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and sepsis. The guideline examines the management of sepsis and septic shock in these patients, as compared to non-neutropenic patients. Topics of interest include risk factors associated with neutropenic sepsis, screening criteria for sepsis, and various treatment strategies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for childhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancer survivors. The guideline aims to improve the quality of care for this patient population by providing recommendations on the implementation of long-term follow-up (LTFU) care. The organization of LTFU care, personnel involved in LTFU care, components of LTFU care and the appropriate start of LTFU care are all discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with lymphoma, including Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). The guideline provides recommendations for staging and re-staging, treatment, as well as follow-up. Outcomes of interest include disease progression, treatment toxicity, quality of life, progression-free survival, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis, staging, treatment, follow-up, and supportive care. Patients with newly diagnosed, relapsed, or refractory CLL are all addressed. Outcomes of interest include treatment toxicity, quality of life, progression-free survival, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients who are receiving treatment for non-metastatic cancer, as well as adult cancer survivors. Recommendations are provided for the management of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures in these patients. The guideline specifically discusses which patients are at an increased risk for developing osteoporotic fractures, how these patients should be screened for, which patients should be treated for their osteoporosis, and which interventions should be used (i.e. which interventions are effective at reducing the risk of fracture).

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with any type of cancer. The guideline focuses on the screening, assessment, and treatment of cancer-related pain. Specific topics discussed include universal pain screening, management of pain in both opioid-naïve and opioid-tolerant patients, management of opioid-induced adverse effects, procedure-related pain and anxiety, management strategies for specific cancer pain syndromes, adjuvant analgesics for neuropathic pain, psychosocial support, and education for both patients and caregivers.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with cervical cancer. The guideline examines the initial diagnosis and workup, staging, primary and adjuvant treatment, surveillance, and therapy following relapse for these patients. Treatment for metastatic disease is also discussed, as are the topics of incidental cervical cancer and the occurrence of cervical cancer in pregnant women.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the routine follow-up and surveillance patients with stage I - III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have completed treatment (with curative intent), are asymptomatic, and have no physical findings or laboratory abnormalities to suggest metastatic disease. The guideline examines follow-up intervals at years 1, 2, 3 and beyond, the optimal imaging surveillance modalities, recurrence, long-term side effects of curative-intent therapy, and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Diagnostic methods compared include physical examination, laboratory testing, as well as imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The guideline also examines nephron-sparing surgery, radical nephrectomy, surveillance, ablative therapies, and adjuvant therapy, as potential treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for surveillance colonoscopy in adult populations identified with precancerous lesions detected by colonoscopy, those with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC), and/or people with a diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease). The guideline discusses the appropriate timing of colonoscopies in these patients. Other topics discussed include advances in colonoscopy, and the management of anxiety in patients who are undergoing the procedure. This guideline is wiki-based and is constantly updated as new evidence arises - this review pertains to the guideline as of August 30th, 2019.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, who have undergone autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT). The guideline examines the use of various maintenance therapies used to mitigate disease relapse in these patients. In additional to disease recurrence, outcomes of interest include progression-free and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who have received direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medication. The guideline provides recommendations on the follow-up these patients for the purposes of reducing the incidences of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as well as hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in those who are co-infected with HBV and HCV. Surveillance intervals and monitoring techniques are specifically discussed, with recommendations separated based on whether patients have a history of HCC.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with suspected or confirmed esophageal cancer. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of these patients, and includes a discussion of multiple treatment modalities. Outcomes of interest include morbidity, local recurrence, and survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, follow-up, supportive care, and palliative care for these patients. Treatment methods discussed include chemotherapy, surgical management and radiotherapy. Cystectomy pathology, as well as unresectable and oligometastatic disease are also addressed.

This is an organizational guideline for adult patients with brain metastases who are eligible to receive stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in Ontario. Topics of discussion include qualifications for the practice team, the determination of patient eligibility, appropriate technologies for the delivery of SRS, as well as pre- and post-intervention imaging.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and/or those who are receiving other types of therapy for hematological malignancies. The guideline examines the prevention, diagnosis, and management of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in these patients. The primary outcomes of interest are CMV serostatus and survival.

A clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis, workup, treatment and surveillance of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) in pediatric and adult patients. The guideline focuses on the most common B-cell lymphomas: follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), nodal MZL, splenic MZL, gastric MALT lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), AIDS-related B-cell lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and Castleman's disease. Additional consideration is paid to the classification systems used in NHL, the role of PET scans in assessment and staging, principles of radiation therapy, and supportive care considerations.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. The guideline examines recommendations for diagnostic evaluation and disease management, guidance for assessing comorbidities, and options for follow-up based on site of recurrence and level of evidence. Outcomes of interest are overall survival, mortality and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines the diagnostic evaluation, classification and staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Treatment for metastatic prostate cancer and castration-resistant prostate cancer are specifically discussed, as is the management of prostate-specific antigen-only recurrence after treatment with curative intent.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the work-up of suspicious colorectal masses following screening, as well as for the treatment of patients with diagnosed colorectal cancer. Treatment options discussed include surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, and adjuvant radiotherapy. Recommendations are separated based on location and stage of disease, with the guideline specifically addressing localized rectal cancer, localized colon cancer, locally advanced unresectable colorectal cancer, up-front resectable metastatic colorectal cancer, and more.

This is a clinical practice guideline for survivors of adult-onset cancer in the post-treatment period. The guideline provides screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations, and should be used to supplement the follow-up recommendations of disease-specific guidelines.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with cervical cancer. The guideline examines the initial diagnosis and workup, staging, primary and adjuvant treatment, surveillance, and therapy following relapse for these patients. Treatment for metastatic disease is also discussed, as are the topics of incidental cervical cancer and the occurrence of cervical cancer in pregnant women.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adolescents and young adults with cancer. The guideline discusses risk factors, screening, diagnosis, management, follow-up, supportive care, and palliative care for patients between 15 and 39 years of age. Unique issues discussed include adherence to treatment, the impact of cancer and its treatment on fertility, management of cancer during pregnancy, relationship management, and socioeconomic issues.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of colon cancer. Recommendations are made for diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, surveillance, and management of recurrence. Principles for the management of metastatic disease are also provided.

This is a clinical practice guideline for survivors of adult-onset cancer in the post-treatment period. The guideline provides screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations, and should be used to supplement the follow-up recommendations of disease-specific guidelines.

A clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis, workup, treatment and surveillance of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) in pediatric and adult patients. The guideline focuses on the most common B-cell lymphomas: follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), nodal MZL, splenic MZL, gastric MALT lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), AIDS-related B-cell lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and Castleman's disease. Additional consideration is paid to the classification systems used in NHL, the role of PET scans in assessment and staging, principles of radiation therapy, and supportive care considerations.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of colon cancer. Recommendations are made for diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, surveillance, and management of recurrence. Principles for the management of metastatic disease are also provided.

This clinical practice guideline is for the management of squamous cell anal carcinoma. The guideline provides recommendations on staging, treatment, and follow-up. The effectiveness of treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are compared. Guidance is also provided on dosing regimens, treatment of recurrence, and surveillance following treatment of recurrence.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have received treatment for prostate cancer. The guideline examines the various imaging modalities that can be effectively used for the follow-up of these patients. Variations of imaging modalities such as transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) are discussed, and the appropriateness of different techniques is examined for different clinical situations.

This is a clinical practice guideline for survivors of childhood cancer. The guideline provides recommendations for the endocrine treatment of hypothalamic-pituitary and growth disorders in these patients. Specific conditions discussed include impaired linear growth, growth hormone deficiency, central precocious puberty, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, and thyroid-stimulating hormone deficiency.

This clinical practice guideline is a focused update of the American Society of Clinical Oncology's 2016 guideline on adjuvant endocrine therapy for women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. The guideline specifically examines whether extended adjuvant therapy, including the use of aromatase inhibitors (AIs), improves clinically meaningful outcomes (e.g. disease-free survival, overall survival, quality of life, toxicity) after 5 years of sequential endocrine therapy in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive early breast cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of critically ill cancer patients. The guideline examines multiple aspects of patient care in intensive care units (ICUs), including ICU eligibility criteria, indications and screening for organ dysfunction, interprofessional collaboration, and treatment within ICUs. Infection prevention (including immunization), and the treatment of infections are both discussed, as is the selective use of Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients undergoing treatment for breast cancer and for survivors of breast cancer. The guideline examines the use of complementary integrated therapies for the management of symptoms of disease as well as for the management of adverse effects associated with treatment. Recommendations are grouped within the following categories: acute radiation skin reaction, anxiety and stress reduction, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, depression and mood disturbances, fatigue, lymphedema, neuropathy, pain, quality of life, sleep disturbances, and vasomotor/hot flashes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with any type of cancer. The guideline focuses on the screening, assessment, and treatment of cancer-related pain. Specific topics discussed include universal pain screening, management of pain in both opioid-naïve and opioid-tolerant patients, management of opioid-induced adverse effects, procedure-related pain and anxiety, management strategies for specific cancer pain syndromes, adjuvant analgesics for neuropathic pain, psychosocial support, and education for both patients and caregivers.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the perioperative care of patients undergoing colorectal surgery. including those with colorectal cancer. The guideline provides preadmission, preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative recommendations. The primary outcomes of interest are reductions in perioperative morbidity and mortality, as well as improvements in recovery and decreased duration of hospital stays after surgery.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients undergoing esophagectomy for benign or malignant disease, including esophageal cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on various components of surgical management, broadly categorized as procedure-specific (e.g. preoperative nutrition, prehabilitation programs, etc.), operative (e.g. minimally invasive versus open access, timing of surgery following neoadjuvant therapy, etc.), and technical (e.g. preoperative counseling, smoking cessation, etc.). The primary outcomes of interest are perioperative morbidity and mortality.

This is a clinical practice guideline for survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancers. The guideline provides recommendations for the screening and management of therapy-related complications or adverse effects that persist or arise after the completion of treatment (i.e. late effects). Different therapeutic exposures and their potential late effects are explored and organized by cancer site and type of exposure (e.g. chemotherapy, radiation).

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of rectal cancer. The guideline provides recommendations regarding diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, and patient surveillance. Outcomes of interest include safety and efficacy of treatment, adverse outcomes, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with metastatic non-castrate prostate cancer being considered for treatment with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). The guideline examines the addition of docetaxel or abiraterone to ADT, and the resulting effects on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), failure-free survival (FFS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response, overall response rate, and quality of life (QOL).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients undergoing breast-conserving therapy or mastectomy for breast cancer, or who have undergone prophylactic mastectomy. The guideline provides recommendations for breast reconstructive techniques and radiation therapy following mastectomy. The timing and type of breast reconstruction in combination with other oncological treatments is discussed, as is the treatment of high-risk patients.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the identification and treatment of psychosocial problems in patients with cancer. The guideline examines screening tools for distress and meeting psychosocial needs, the initial evaluation and treatment by oncology teams, psychological/psychiatric treatment by mental health professionals, social work and counseling services, and spiritual and chaplaincy care. The Distress Thermometer (DT) is discussed as a useful clinical tool for self-assessing patient distress. Both the DT and the guideline itself use the term "distress" due to its lack of associated stigmatization when compared to terms such as psychosocial, psychiatric, or emotional.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of rectal cancer. The guideline provides recommendations regarding diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, and patient surveillance. Outcomes of interest include safety and efficacy of treatment, adverse outcomes, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline discussing influenza immunization for adult and pediatric cancer patients. The guideline provides guidance on the timing of influenza immunization in relation to severity of immunosuppression and chemotherapy schedules, number of administrations, types of influenza vaccines, and contraindications and precautions for immunization. Recommendations for the immunization of family members and hospital or clinic staff are also provided.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on the follow-up of patients with endometrial cancer who are clinically disease free after receiving primary treatment. The guideline reviews symptomatic signs of possible recurrence. Recommendations are provided on follow-up intervals and diagnostic interventions, stratified by risk of recurrence.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of localized prostate cancer. The guideline provides a clinical framework stratified by cancer severity to guide the care plan and reviews management options including active surveillance, observation/watchful waiting, prostatectomy, radiotherapy, cryosurgery, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and focal therapy. Shared decision making is highlighted, and guidance is provided on outcome expectations and management.

This is a provisional clinical opinion (PCO) for chemotherapy-naive men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This PCO examines second-line hormonal therapy and provides recommendations on staging, treatment, follow-up, and palliative care for men with CRPC. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, adverse events, quality of life, and treatment efficacy (defined as response in prostate-specific antigen values).

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with testicular cancer. The guideline examines the pathology of the illness, staging and classification systems, diagnostic evaluation, prognosis, disease management, and follow-up. Topics of interest include diagnostic tools, treatment with chemotherapy, and discussion of quality of life and long-term toxicities after curative treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline on pneumococcal immunization for adult and pediatric cancer patients with solid tumours or hematologic cancers. The guideline provides recommendations on the type of vaccine and timing of immunization in relation to the type of treatment, therapy cycle, and severity of immunosuppression. Guidance is also provided on restrictions for immunization.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with desmoid tumours. The guideline provides recommendations for diagnosis, staging procedures, treatment, and follow-up. Treatment options including active surveillance, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are examined. Topics of interest include desmoid tumours occurring during pregnancy, pain management, and rehabilitation.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC), including those with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) and metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The guideline provides recommendations for the management of these patients, and specifically discusses the use of chemotherapy, management of bone metastases, management of cancer related fatigue, as well as supportive and palliative care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of adult patients after head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment. Recommendations address surveillance and screening for recurrence of second primary cancers, assessment and management of physical and psychosocial long-term and late effects of HNC and treatment, health promotion, as well as care coordination and implications for practice. The guideline emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary, coordinated, and collaborative care team for the delivery of effective HNC survivorship care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with myeloma. The guideline examines the screening and management of physical and psychosocial consequences in these patients following completion of treatment. Recommendations are provided for long-term physical consequences, including infection and immunity, renal and urogenital complications, bone, endocrine and metabolic disorders, neurological and eye complications, cardiovascular and respiratory complications, dental and oral hygiene, gastroenterological and nutritional problems, and second primary malignancies. Psychosocial and rehabilitation considerations such as frailty, patient concerns and information provision, psychological well-being, pain and fatigue, and physical fitness and functionality are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with head and neck cancer. The guideline examines oral and dental care assessment and management of patients before, during, and after cancer treatment. Topics addressed include pain, xerostomia, speech and swallowing disorders, oral hygiene, and functional capacity. The primary outcome of interest is quality of life.

This clinical practice guideline is an adaptation of Cancer Care Ontario’s 2016 guideline titled Interventions to Address Sexual Problems in People With Cancer. The guideline examines the effectiveness of pharmacological interventions, psychosocial counseling, or devices to manage sexual problems experienced after cancer treatment. Recommendations are based on patient gender, and condition. Specific topics discussed are sexual response, body image (women), intimacy/relationships, overall sexual functioning and satisfaction, vasomotor symptoms, genital symptoms (women) and genital changes (men).

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults who have completed treatment and have been cured of cancer. The guideline examines different models of follow-up care, organized both by clinical setting, and by which health professionals are responsible for the coordination of care. The appropriateness of different models of care for different types of cancer is discussed, with focuses on clinical outcomes (e.g. surveillance, recurrence) and quality of life outcomes (e.g. quality of life, patient satisfaction).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with vulvar and vaginal cancer, including those with epithelial tumours of the vulva or vagina, as well as those with primary vulvar Paget's disease or malignant melanomas of the vulva or vagina. The guideline provides recommendations for the treatment of these patients, and examines specific topics such as primary treatment, management of inguinal lymph nodes, treatment of distant metastases, and treatment of recurrent tumours.

This is a clinical practice guideline for oncology clinicians on how to use effective communication to optimize the patient-clinician relationship, patient and clinician well-being, and family well-being. The guideline examines the core communication skills and tasks that apply across the continuum of cancer care. Topics include the discussion of goals of care and prognosis, treatment selection, end-of-life care, facilitating family involvement in care, and clinician training in communication skills.

This is a clinical practice guideline for male survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancers. The guideline specifically discusses treatments associated with increased risk of impaired spermatogenesis, testosterone deficiency, and physical sexual dysfunction. Surveillance strategies for these outcomes are examined, including which patients require surveillance, which surveillance modality should be used, frequency of surveillance, and what should be done when abnormalities are identified.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the assessment of liver metastases. The guideline provides recommendations regarding the appropriateness of imaging modalities and the optimization of imaging parameters for specific clinical scenarios, including diagnosis, staging, and surveillance. Outcomes of interest include accuracy in characterizing and detecting liver lesions, length of examination, and potential adverse health effects, as well as surveillance sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of non-metastatic muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer in adults. The guideline examines the initial evaluation, treatment, follow-up, and survivorship of affected patients, and discusses approaches to counseling and the role of patient preferences throughout. Specific treatment options considered include neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, radical cystectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and bladder preserving approaches such as maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumours, partial cystectomy, primary radiation therapy, and multi-modal bladder preserving therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with multiple myeloma. The guideline provides recommendations on assessment, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and follow-up for VTE and CVD. Risk factors and risk stratification for VTE and CVD are discussed. The guideline also highlights multiple myeloma treatments with side-effects related to VTE and CVD.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have been diagnosed with breast cancer. The guideline examines breast reconstruction, specifically reconstruction with deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap and pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap, to treat breast defects in these patients, which may be a result of mastectomy. Outcomes of interest include clinical complications and patient satisfaction.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines the screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Treatment options considered include deferred treatment, radical prostatectomy, definitive radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy. Management of metastatic prostate cancer, prostate cancer in older men, prostate-specific antigen-only recurrence after treatment, and castration-resistant prostate cancer are also discussed, as well as the epidemiology and etiology of prostate cancer, and quality of life outcomes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adolescents and young adults with cancer. The guideline discusses risk factors, screening, diagnosis, management, follow-up, supportive care, and palliative care for patients between 15 and 39 years of age. Unique issues discussed include adherence to treatment, the impact of cancer and its treatment on fertility, management of cancer during pregnancy, relationship management, and socioeconomic issues.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for breast reconstruction in women following mastectomy for the prevention or treatment of breast cancer. The guideline discusses patient education, eligibility for reconstruction, timing of reconstruction, factors that enhance recovery from reconstruction, post-reconstruction surveillance, and measuring outcomes of construction. The benefits and risks of implant-based, autologous flap, and combination reconstruction procedures are examined. The guideline also discusses the extent to appropriately perform mastectomy.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of adult onset sarcoma. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up options for sarcoma. Imaging modalities for the purpose of diagnosis and staging are compared, while the importance of multidisciplinary care and the effects of delayed referrals to specialists are discussed. In addition, pre-operative and post-operative radiotherapy are compared, and the guideline also examines adjuvant and systemic chemotherapy, as well as surgical procedures. This guideline is wiki-based and is constantly updated as new evidence arises - this review pertains to the guideline as of April 23, 2018.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have been operated on for a pheochromocytoma or a paraganglioma. The guideline discusses the long-term follow-up of these patients, and includes recommendations on diagnosing malignancy, perioperative work-up, duration of follow-up, monitoring methods, as well as specific considerations for pregnant women and patients who are frail and/or elderly.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with a history of breast cancer. The guideline examines the management of menopausal symptoms in these patients. Non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and hormonal therapies are considered for vasomotor symptoms, sleep disturbance, vulvovaginal symptoms, and sexual function. Depression and anxiety, mood and emotional well-being, mental health, global quality of life, and breast cancer recurrence are also discussed.

This guideline covers diagnosing and managing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in people aged 16 years and over. It aims to improve care for people with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by promoting the best tests for diagnosis and staging and the most effective treatments for 6 of the subtypes: follicular lymphoma, MALT lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Tests and treatments covered include excision biopsy, radiotherapy, immunochemotherapy and stem cell transplantation.

This clinical practice guideline reviews workup and treatment of bone cancer, with specific recommendations provided for chondrosarcoma, chordoma, Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors, and osteosarcoma. Surveillance and relapse is also reviewed. An overview of systemic therapy agents is provided, and principles of radiation therapy are discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The guideline provides updated recommendations around prevention and screening, evaluation and staging, treatment, and follow up care. Areas of focus are discussed with recognition that much progress has been made in regards to screening, minimally invasive techniques for diagnosis and treatment, advances in radiation therapy (RT) including stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR), and targeted therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with vulvar cancer (VC) or vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN). The guideline provides recommendations for symptom management, with an emphasis on self-management interventions. Specific topics discussed include the handling of surgical wounds, as well as the management of acute postsurgical pain, postsurgical urinary symptoms, and lymphedema.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of chronic pain in survivors of adult cancers. Whereas other guidelines have largely focused on relieving acute pain or pain associated with advanced disease, this guideline focuses on the care required when pain persists months or years after the completed cancer treatment. Areas addressed in the guideline include: screening and comprehensive assessment; treatment and care options; nonpharmacologic interventions; pharmacologic interventions; as well as risk assessment, mitigation, and universal precautions with opioid use.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs). The guideline examines appropriate management and follow-up strategies for different stages of the two main histological types of testicular GCTs: seminomas and nonseminomas. Outcomes of interest include recurrence and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with colon cancer or adenocarcinomas of the small bowel and appendix. The guideline reviews staging, pathology, clinical presentation and treatment of nonmetastatic disease, management of metastatic disease, post-treatment surveillance, and survivorship. The role of vitamin D in colorectal cancer is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for teleoncology models of care. Teleoncology seeks to offer solutions to some of the access issues faced by patients and health professionals from regional, rural and remote communities around the world. The focus of the guideline is shaped by a number of clinical questions that include: what teleoncology models of care are available to health services in Australia and overseas; what models of care for teleoncology are available to nursing services; what models of care for teleoncology are available to allied health services; is teleoncology as effective as standard oncology care for the screening of cancer; is teleoncology as effective as standard oncology care for the diagnosis of cancer; is teleoncology as effective as standard oncology care for the treatment of cancer; and is teleoncology as effective as standard oncology care for the palliative care of cancer patients.

The American Cancer Society Head and Neck Cancer Survivorship Care Guideline was developed to assist primary care clinicians and other health practitioners with the care of head and neck cancer survivors, including monitoring for recurrence, screening for second primary cancers, assessment and management of long-term and late effects, health promotion, and care coordination. The guideline provides recommendations for management strategies for assisting patients with physical and psychosocial effects of head and neck cancer and its treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for antiemesis. The guideline examines emesis, types of nausea/vomiting (e.g., chemotherapy induced), antiemetic therapies, and treatment issues associated with antiemetic therapies.

These clinical practice guidelines for survivorship provide screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations for common consequences of cancer and cancer treatment to aid health care professionals who work with survivors of adult-onset cancer in the post-treatment period, including those in specialty cancer survivor clinics and primary care practices. The guidelines focus on the vast and persistent impact both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer can have on the adult survivor’s health, physical and mental states, health behaviors, professional and personal identity, sexuality, and financial standing.

This is a clinical practice guideline for survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer who have received hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Topics discussed include growth hormone deficiency, thyroid disease, gonadal function, obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes, bone health, ocular toxicity, and ototoxicity. Neurocognitive, pulmonary, cardiovascular, renal, gastrointestinal, dental, dermatological, and immunologic impacts are also addressed.

This clinical practice guideline is for patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, including patients with cancer. The guideline provides recommendations for preoperative care before procedures such as colorectal surgery, gastrectomy, gastric bypass, hysterectomy, prostatectomy, and cystectomy, as well as other oncological, gynecological, and urological surgeries. Outcomes of interest include the prevention of surgical complications and reductions in hospital stays.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with cancer who may be considering cardiotoxic anticancer therapies. The guideline examines surveillance and monitoring approaches for cardiac dysfunction in survivors of adult-onset cancers, both during and after treatment. Determining which patients are at risk for developing cardiac dysfunction, and identifying strategies to minimize risk before and during the administration of potentially cardiotoxic therapy, are also discussed.

This clinical practice guideline is for adolescents and young adults (AYAs), defined as individuals aged 15 to 39 years, who have been diagnosed with cancer. The guideline discusses issues specific to AYAs and recommends interventions unique to these patients. Topics include an overview of risk factors, screening, diagnosis, and special considerations for management of AYA patients such as adherence to treatment and fertility preservation, contraception for women during and after cancer treatment, and management of cancer during pregnancy. Psychosocial and behavioural issues, survivorship issues, and palliative and end-of-life care are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for male patients diagnosed with or suspected of having prostate cancer. The guideline reviews classification and staging, diagnostic evaluation, disease management, and follow-up care. Side effects of local treatment and health-related quality of life in prostate cancer survivors are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, cancer-specific survival, development of metastatic disease, sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic procedures, and side effects of treatment.

A clinical practice guideline for prostate cancer survivors. The guideline examines health promotion, screening for second primary cancers, and assessment of physical and psychosocial effects. Outcomes of interest include effective referral, minimized psychological harm, and reduced recurrence.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with colon cancer or adenocarcinomas of the small bowel and appendix. The guideline reviews staging, pathology, clinical presentation and treatment of nonmetastatic disease, management of metastatic disease, post-treatment surveillance, and survivorship. The role of vitamin D in colorectal cancer is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. The guideline reviews methods to identify and manage any physical and psychosocial long-term and late effects of CRC and its treatment, recommendations on surveillance for recurrence and screening for second primary cancers, and health promotion recommendations with detailed discussion about obesity, physical activity, nutrition, and smoking cessation. The guideline also discusses coordination of care among specialists and primary care providers.

This is a clinical practice guideline for children receiving chemotherapy or undergoing hematopoietic stem call transplantation (HSCT) for cancer. The guideline examines the effectiveness of prophylactic interventions for preventing or reducing the severity of oral and oropharyngeal mucositis in these patients. Interventions considered include cryotherapy, low-level light therapy and the use of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF).

A clinical practice guideline for adult and pediatric patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma. The guideline examines the use of autologous stem cell transplant and allogeneic HCT and their appropriateness for patient populations depending on staging. Outcomes of interest include progression-free survival and the use of risk-adapted therapy to improve outcomes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have completed active medical or radiation oncology treatment for early-stage breast cancer and who have been discharged by the cancer care centre for care by the referring physician. The guideline provides recommendations on responsibilities regarding follow-up care, follow-up investigations and surveillance, and signs and symptoms indicative of a breast cancer recurrence. Potential complications from cancer treatment and common survivorship concerns and challenges are also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with prostate cancer who have received treatment with curative intent. The frequency by which prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels should be tested in these patients is discussed, and the guideline also examines appropriate diagnostic testing techniques for instances in which biochemical (BC) recurrence occurs. The guideline also discusses psychosocial issues, sexual health, fatigue, urinary health, and bowel heath outcomes associated with prostate cancer treatment.

This guideline provides recommendations on the use of advanced practice nurses (APNs) to optimize patient, provider, and health system outcomes across the cancer care continuum. Specifically, the guideline reviews patient populations and situations (types of needs, practice settings, phase of the cancer care continuum) for which APN roles have demonstrated equivalent or improved outcomes, or reduced harms in cancer care. Outcomes of interest include quality of life, physical, functional, psychosocial, and mental health, as well as morbidity, mortality, symptom management, patient and provider satisfaction, health care utilization, costs, and quality of care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The guideline provides updated recommendations around prevention and screening, evaluation and staging, treatment, and follow up. Areas of focus are discussed with recognition that much progress has been made in regards to screening, minimally invasive techniques for diagnosis and treatment, advances in radiation therapy (RT) including stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR), and targeted therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cutaneous melanoma after treatment with curative intent. The guideline provides recommendations on follow-up schedules, involving appropriate evaluations and timing for early detection of local-regional recurrence, distant metastases, and new primary melanomas. Diagnostic imaging modalities such as ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), and PET/CT, laboratory tests such as LDH and S100B, skin self-examinations, and dermoscopy/dermatoscopy are discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for primary care providers, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists and other clinicians caring for female adult breast cancer survivors. The guideline provides key recommendations for breast cancer survivorship care as it relates to surveillance and screening for breast cancer recurrence, risk evaluation and genetic counseling, and laboratory tests and imaging. Additionally, the guideline discusses the nature of support survivors should be provided with to address a number of psychosocial issues including depression, body image issues, financial challenges, and cognitive impairment.

These clinical practice guidelines for survivorship provide screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations for common consequences of cancer and cancer treatment to aid health-care professionals who work with survivors of adult-onset cancer in the post-treatment period, including those in specialty cancer survivor clinics and primary care practices. The guidelines focus on the vast and persistent impact both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer can have on the adult survivor’s health, physical and mental states, health behaviours, professional and personal identity, sexuality, and financial standing.

This clinical practice guideline addresses care of adult patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, specifically within Nova Scotia. The guideline provides recommendations on pre-surgical evaluation of thyroid nodules, surgical treatment and complications, pathology reporting, grading and tumour staging (TNM), risk prognostic systems, and post-surgical radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. Protocols for lab and diagnostic follow-up, management of local and regional recurrences, early and long-term follow-up, and supportive and palliative care management are also addressed.