This is a clinical practice guideline for patients aged 16 or older who have primary brain tumours or brain metastases. Specifically, the guideline examines the diagnoses and management of radiologically identified glioma, meningioma, and brain metastases. Follow-up care after treatment and supportive care are also discussed, and additional recommendations are provided on the referral of adults with primary brain tumours or brain metastases for neurological rehabilitation assessment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults and children experiencing cancer-related fatigue (CRF). The guideline discusses screening for CRF, as well as evaluation approaches using focused history, assessment of treatable contributing factors, and patient clinical status. General strategies for managing CRF are discussed, and the guideline examines pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for patients based on their placement within the care continuum (i.e. active treatment, post-treatment, and end-of-life).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The guideline examines risk factors and genetic predisposition, pancreatic cancer screening, diagnosis and staging, systemic therapy approaches, radiation and chemoradiation approaches, surveillance of patients with resected disease, as well as palliative and supportive care. Management of metastatic disease, locally advanced disease, resectable and borderline resectable disease, and recurrent disease after resection is also considered.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The guideline discusses diagnostic classification, evaluation, prognostic stratification, therapeutic options, and recommended treatment approaches for MDS. There is a particular focus on supportive care, and the guideline also provides recommendations for the management of thrombocytopenia and iron overload, the treatment of related anemia, the use of low-intensity therapy (i.e. hypomethylating agents or biologic response modifiers and immunosuppressive therapy), and high-intensity therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with multiple myeloma. The guideline examines the primary therapy and surveillance/follow-up tests for both solitary plasmacytoma and smoldering (asymptomatic) myeloma, and the primary therapy and monitoring for active (symptomatic) myeloma. Stem cell transplants (SCT), including autologous SCT, tandem SCT, and allogeneic SCT, as well as follow-up after stem cell transplants, are also discussed. In addition, the guideline considers diagnostic tests, response criteria, maintenance therapy, treatment of progressive or relapsed myeloma, and supportive care treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with head and neck cancers. The guideline examines workup and staging, treatment, and follow-up for various head and neck cancers including cancer of the lip, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, and larynx, as well as paranasal tumours, very advanced head and neck cancers, occult primary cancer, salivary gland tumours, and mucosal melanoma of the head and neck. Nutrition, supportive care, comorbidities, quality of life, and dental evaluation and management are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adolescent, young adult (AYA), and adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The guideline reviews the classification of ALL subtypes based on immunophenotype and cytogenetic/molecular markers, and provides recommendations on risk assessment and stratification for risk-adapted therapy, as well as treatment strategies for Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive and Ph-negative ALL. The guideline also provides recommendations for supportive care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of early and locally advanced breast cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on referral, diagnosis, preoperative assessment, genetic testing, surgical procedures, breast reconstruction, psychological support, and adjuvant therapies such as endocrine therapy and bisphosphonate therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The guideline examines the diagnostic and staging criteria, treatment strategies, and follow-up and supportive care practices for these patients. First and second line treatment options are discussed for newly diagnosed, relapsed, and refractory disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with any type of cancer. The guideline focuses on the screening, assessment, and treatment of cancer-related pain. Specific topics discussed include universal pain screening, management of pain in both opioid-naïve and opioid-tolerant patients, management of opioid-induced adverse effects, procedure-related pain and anxiety, management strategies for specific cancer pain syndromes, adjuvant analgesics for neuropathic pain, psychosocial support, and education for both patients and caregivers.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients living with HIV (PLWH) who are diagnosed with cancer. The guideline focuses primarily on PLWH who develop non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), anal cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, or cervical cancer. General advice is also provided regarding HIV management during cancer therapy, in addition to topics such as drug-drug interactions (DDI) between antiretroviral treatments and cancer therapies, initial workup, radiation therapy, surgical management, and supportive care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The guideline provides recommendations on treatment and supportive care for these patients. Specific topics discussed include the initial approach to patient management, clinical and molecular assessment prior to treatment, front-line therapies, treatment of extremely frail patients, maintenance therapy, management of relapsed or refractory CLL, and management of side-effects during targeted therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for older patients with cancer. The guideline provides recommendations for comprehensive geriatric assessments, as well as treatment modalities such as surgery, radiation therapy (RT), chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Disease-specific issues are also addressed for breast cancer, central nervous system cancers, gastrointestinal cancers, genitourinary cancers, gynecological cancers, head and neck cancers, lung cancers, melanoma, and hematologic malignancies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with suspected pancreatic cancer, or those with newly diagnosed or recurrent pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The guideline provides recommendations for the monitoring of people with an inherited high risk of pancreatic cancer. Recommendations are also made for diagnosis, staging, psychological support, pain and nutrition management, as well as management for resectable, borderline resectable, and unresectable cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with cancer who are at risk for, or have been diagnosed with, delirium. The guideline provides recommendations regarding delirium prevention, diagnosis, screening, treatment and experiential impact. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are discussed. Guidance is also provided on education and support for the healthcare team and family members.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the identification and treatment of psychosocial problems in patients with cancer. The guideline examines screening tools for distress and meeting psychosocial needs, the initial evaluation and treatment by oncology teams, psychological/psychiatric treatment by mental health professionals, social work and counseling services, and spiritual and chaplaincy care. The Distress Thermometer (DT) is discussed as a useful clinical tool for self-assessing patient distress. Both the DT and the guideline itself use the term "distress" due to its lack of associated stigmatization when compared to terms such as psychosocial, psychiatric, or emotional.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with any type of cancer who are experiencing or are at high risk for experiencing nausea and/or vomiting due to treatment. The guideline examines treatment options for nausea and/or vomiting induced by radiation therapy (RT), chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. In addition to antiemetic treatment options, the guideline discusses the emetogenic potentials of different anticancer therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults and children with gastric cancer. The guideline examines the pathology, initial workup, staging, treatment, follow-up, and supportive care of these patients. Treatment options discussed include lymph node dissection, laparoscopic resection, endoscopy, radiation therapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy (preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative), and targeted therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who are receiving systemic anticancer therapy. The guideline examines the management of infusion reactions (IRs), which can be either allergic reactions to foreign proteins, or non-immune-mediated reactions. Specific topics discussed include risk assessment, diagnosis, management, how to document an IR, drugs which may frequently cause IRs, and cases of rechallenge.

This is a clinical practice guideline discussing the treatment and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients receiving treatment for solid (i.e. non-hematologic) tumours. The guideline examines the pharmacologic therapy and dosing options for both inpatients and ambulatory patients with established VTE or who are at risk for VTE (i.e. prophylaxis). The guideline also discusses common complications associated with antithrombotic therapy, as well as the follow-up of patients during its administration.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of localized prostate cancer. The guideline provides a clinical framework stratified by cancer severity to guide the care plan and reviews management options including active surveillance, observation/watchful waiting, prostatectomy, radiotherapy, cryosurgery, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and focal therapy. Shared decision making is highlighted, and guidance is provided on outcome expectations and management.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult and pediatric patients who receive antineoplastic agents or radiation therapy for cancer. The guideline examines important developments in antiemetic management options for patients undergoing the above treatments. Comparisons are made between antiemetic management options on the basis of potential benefits, potential harms, and quality of evidence. Outcomes of interest include new evidence regarding antiemetic efficacy and new antiemetic management options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with hairy cell leukemia. The guideline provides recommendations regarding diagnosis, initial treatment, response assessment and additional therapy, second-line therapy for relapsed/refractory or progressive disease, and supportive care. The impact of infections, such as hepatitis B (HBV) is also discussed.

This clinical practice guideline is an adaptation of Cancer Care Ontario’s 2016 guideline titled Interventions to Address Sexual Problems in People With Cancer. The guideline examines the effectiveness of pharmacological interventions, psychosocial counseling, or devices to manage sexual problems experienced after cancer treatment. Recommendations are based on patient gender, and condition. Specific topics discussed are sexual response, body image (women), intimacy/relationships, overall sexual functioning and satisfaction, vasomotor symptoms, genital symptoms (women) and genital changes (men).

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults who have completed treatment and have been cured of cancer. The guideline examines different models of follow-up care, organized both by clinical setting, and by which health professionals are responsible for the coordination of care. The appropriateness of different models of care for different types of cancer is discussed, with focuses on clinical outcomes (e.g. surveillance, recurrence) and quality of life outcomes (e.g. quality of life, patient satisfaction).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with myeloma. The guideline examines the screening and management of physical and psychosocial consequences in these patients following completion of treatment. Recommendations are provided for long-term physical consequences, including infection and immunity, renal and urogenital complications, bone, endocrine and metabolic disorders, neurological and eye complications, cardiovascular and respiratory complications, dental and oral hygiene, gastroenterological and nutritional problems, and second primary malignancies. Psychosocial and rehabilitation considerations such as frailty, patient concerns and information provision, psychological well-being, pain and fatigue, and physical fitness and functionality are also discussed.

Tailored to the unique needs and concerns of patients with all types of cancer, this clinical practice guideline provides standard-of-care recommendations, techniques, and strategies on smoking cessation. The guideline outlines different interventions, including pharmacotherapy options (e.g. nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline, bupropion, nortriptyline, clonidine), motivational strategies and behaviour techniques, and alternative treatment approaches such as electronic cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery systems.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults and children with cancer-induced anemia (CIA). The guideline discusses the etiology of CIA, and examines the screening, evaluation, and treatment methods for reducing CIA in affected patients. Red blood cell transfusion, erythropoietic therapy, and iron monitoring and supplementation are discussed as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for oncology clinicians on how to use effective communication to optimize the patient-clinician relationship, patient and clinician well-being, and family well-being. The guideline examines the core communication skills and tasks that apply across the continuum of cancer care. Topics include the discussion of goals of care and prognosis, treatment selection, end-of-life care, facilitating family involvement in care, and clinician training in communication skills.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with cancer-related fatigue. The guideline examines the appropriate screening, assessment, and management of these patients. Interventions discussed include pharmacological management, physical activity, functional and occupational therapy interventions, psychosocial and educational interventions, complementary therapies, nutrition, and management of anemia. Recommendations are provided based on the severity of fatigue.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with head and neck cancer. The guideline examines the optimal perioperative care for patients undergoing head and neck cancer surgery with free flap reconstruction. Specific topics discussed include preadmission education, perioperative nutritional care, preoperative nutritional status, nutritional formulae, prophylaxis against thromboembolism, and antibiotic prophylaxis.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. The guideline specifically examines the diagnosis, risk-stratification, treatment, and supportive care for patients with polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and myelofibrosis (MF). Risk-stratified treatment algorithms are provided for each disorder.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of non-metastatic muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer in adults. The guideline examines the initial evaluation, treatment, follow-up, and survivorship of affected patients, and discusses approaches to counseling and the role of patient preferences throughout. Specific treatment options considered include neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, radical cystectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and bladder preserving approaches such as maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumours, partial cystectomy, primary radiation therapy, and multi-modal bladder preserving therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adolescents and young adults with cancer. The guideline discusses risk factors, screening, diagnosis, management, follow-up, supportive care, and palliative care for patients between 15 and 39 years of age. Unique issues discussed include adherence to treatment, the impact of cancer and its treatment on fertility, management of cancer during pregnancy, relationship management, and socioeconomic issues.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for breast reconstruction in women following mastectomy for the prevention or treatment of breast cancer. The guideline discusses patient education, eligibility for reconstruction, timing of reconstruction, factors that enhance recovery from reconstruction, post-reconstruction surveillance, and measuring outcomes of construction. The benefits and risks of implant-based, autologous flap, and combination reconstruction procedures are examined. The guideline also discusses the extent to appropriately perform mastectomy.

A clinical practice guideline for the treatment of small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. The guideline examines treatment options for multiple stages of these two cancer modalities, including surgical and non-surgical procedures. Palliative, supportive, and psychological care for lung cancer patients are also discussed. This guideline is wiki-based and is constantly updated as new evidence arises - this review pertains to the guideline as of April 23, 2018.

A clinical practice guideline for adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The guideline examines diagnosis, staging, and treatment of newly diagnosed, relapsed, and refractory leukemia. Outcomes of interest include progression-free survival, reduced adverse events, and treatment response.

This clinical practice guideline discusses specific issues related to the management of cancer in adults aged 65 years or older. Topics include screening and comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), assessing risks and benefits of treatment, preventing or decreasing complications from therapy, and managing disease-specific issues. Recommendations are also provided for management of patients deemed to be at high risk for toxicity from standard treatment.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Induction therapy and post-remission (consolidation) therapy are reviewed with recommendations stratified by risk and age. Specific recommendations are provided for the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The guideline also discusses therapy for relapse, evaluation and treatment of CNS leukemia, and supportive care.

This clinical practice guideline reviews diagnostic assessment and management of prostate cancer. The guideline discusses risk stratification, molecular testing, and imaging for clinical assessment and staging workup. Management options reviewed include observation, active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, with treatment recommendations stratified by risk. Outcomes of interest include survival and adverse effects of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients undergoing major head and neck cancer surgery with free flap reconstruction. The guideline provides recommendations for the optimal perioperative care of these patients, focusing on topics such as preadmission education, preoperative nutritional status, perioperative nutritional care, prophylaxis against thromboembolism, antibiotic prophylaxis, postoperative nausea and vomiting prophylaxis, standard anesthetic protocol, pain management, postoperative wound care, postoperative pulmonary physical therapy, and more.

A clinical practice guideline for the prevention of chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in advanced cancer patients. The guideline examines the emetogenic potential of antineoplastic agents and recommended pharmacological treatments. Outcomes of interest include antiemetic prophylaxis, efficacy, and optimal dosing.

This is a clinical practice guideline for soft tissue sarcoma. The guideline examines diagnosis, treatment and follow up. Various stages are addressed, as well as a various treatment options and disease progression. Guidance is presented for specific issues (e.g., gastrointestinal stromal tumors).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients (children/adolescents and adults) who are experiencing cancer-related fatigue. The guideline discusses evaluation and intervention for patients on active treatment, post-treatment, and at end of life. Education and counselling, nonpharmacologic interventions, and pharmacologic interventions are all discussed along with general strategies for management of fatigue.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on assessment and management of cancer pain in adult patients, including pain in adult cancer survivors. Pathophysiologic classification of cancer pain syndromes is reviewed, and recommendations are provided for pain assessment, management/intervention, and reassessment. Both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions are discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for gastric cancer. The guideline provides an evidence- and consensus-based treatment approach for the management of patients with gastric cancer. Topic areas discussed within the guideline include: staging, principles of pathology, surgery, endoscopic therapies, radiation therapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy, and follow-up.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the investigation and diagnosis of suspected lung cancer and referral for treatment, particularly for patients residing in Nova Scotia. The guideline reviews the investigation process from initial presentation to treatment referral. Topics include principles of communication between patient-provider and among providers throughout the diagnostic process, standards for initial investigation, appropriate use of imaging (CT, MRI, PET, bone scan) and biopsy and laboratory testing, as well as recommendations regarding treatment referral upon diagnosis. Referrals to diagnostic specialists (thoracic surgery or respirology) and to psychosocial and supportive care are also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for individuals at risk of or having genetic mutations that increase their risk of breast or ovarian cancer. The guideline reviews hereditary breast or breast/ovarian cancer syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden syndrome/PTEN Hamartoma tumor syndrome, and other genetic mutations associated with breast/ovarian cancer. Recommendations are provided for initial risk assessment, formal risk assessment and genetic counselling, and management options for individuals with a clinical diagnosis following genetic testing.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of chronic pain in survivors of adult cancers. Whereas other guidelines have largely focused on relieving acute pain or pain associated with advanced disease, this guideline focuses on the care required when pain persists months or years after the completed cancer treatment. Areas addressed in the guideline include: screening and comprehensive assessment; treatment and care options; nonpharmacologic interventions; pharmacologic interventions; as well as risk assessment, mitigation, and universal precautions with opioid use.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the identification and treatment of psychosocial problems in patients with cancer. The guideline discuss screening tools for distress, initial evaluation and treatment by the oncology team, psychological/psychiatric treatment by mental health professionals, social work and counselling services, and spiritual and chaplaincy care. Psychological/psychiatric treatment guidelines are reviewed. Special topics of interest include oncologist burnout.

This guideline discusses the clinical standards of care for the treatment of rectal cancer in Nova Scotia with all aspects of rectal cancer care covered, from diagnosis to survivorship and/or palliation. This includes recommended standards for professionals involved in care, pretreatment investigations, and surgical, neo-adjuvant, and adjuvant treatments. Other topics covered include lynch syndrome screening and referral to medical genetics. Psychosocial health services and supportive care recommendations are also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with colon cancer or adenocarcinomas of the small bowel and appendix. The guideline reviews staging, pathology, clinical presentation and treatment of nonmetastatic disease, management of metastatic disease, post-treatment surveillance, and survivorship. The role of vitamin D in colorectal cancer is also discussed.

This clinical practice guideline reviews workup, staging, and treatment for both noninvasive and invasive breast cancer. Special considerations include phyllodes tumor, Paget's disease, breast cancer during pregnancy, and inflammatory breast cancer. Treatment recommendations for invasive cancer are stratified by tumor receptor status and stage. Fertility and birth control is also discussed.

The guideline provides recommendations for management and treatment of patients 18 years of age and older who have malignant superior vena cava obstruction (SVCO) or airway obstruction, compression, or invasion, or those experiencing hemoptysis. The course of management is dependent on symptoms, primary histology, urgency of histology, previous treatment, and access to resources. External beam radiotherapy (EBRT), endobronchial brachytherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, bronchoscopic debulking, surgical resection, photodynamic therapy, and Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) are discussed as treatment options. For superior vena cava obstruction, external beam radiation EBRT, RT dose fractionation, SVC stent insertion, steroids, and palliative intent chemotherapy are discussed.

The American Cancer Society Head and Neck Cancer Survivorship Care Guideline was developed to assist primary care clinicians and other health practitioners with the care of head and neck cancer survivors, including monitoring for recurrence, screening for second primary cancers, assessment and management of long-term and late effects, health promotion, and care coordination. The guideline provides recommendations for management strategies for assisting patients with physical and psychosocial effects of head and neck cancer and its treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for antiemesis. The guideline examines emesis, types of nausea/vomiting (e.g., chemotherapy induced), antiemetic therapies, and treatment issues associated with antiemetic therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The guideline provides an update to recommendations on standard approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of MDS in both children and adults. The guideline discusses evaluation and prognostic stratification, Topics of interest include prognostic stratification, evaluation of related anemia and treatment of symptomatic anemia, and supportive care. Molecular abnormalities in MDS and comorbidity indices are also discussed.

These clinical practice guidelines for survivorship provide screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations for common consequences of cancer and cancer treatment to aid health care professionals who work with survivors of adult-onset cancer in the post-treatment period, including those in specialty cancer survivor clinics and primary care practices. The guidelines focus on the vast and persistent impact both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer can have on the adult survivor’s health, physical and mental states, health behaviors, professional and personal identity, sexuality, and financial standing.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cervical cancer including squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma of the cervix. The guideline discusses diagnosis and workup, principles of staging and surgery, primary treatment, adjuvant treatment, surveillance, and therapy for relapse. Special topics of consideration include incidental cervical cancer, radiation therapy, and cervical cancer and pregnancy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults and children who are receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or are undergoing treatment for hematological malignancies. The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of common respiratory viral infections in these patients. Diseases discussed include influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), and human rhinovirus (HRV).

This is a clinical practice guideline for children aged 1 month to 18 years who are receiving chemotherapy. The guideline examines the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), including the treatment of breakthrough CINV and the prevention of refractory CINV. The primary outcome of interest is a decrease in the incidence of CINV.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult men and women that have sexual function side effects as a result of cancer diagnoses and/or treatment. The guideline examines strategies/interventions to manage sexual function side effects with the aim of decreasing distress, and improving quality of life for cancer survivors and their partners. Both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions are discussed.

A clinical practice guideline for adult and pediatric patients with cancer, including hematological cancers and solid tumours. The guideline examines pneumococcal immunization in order to prevent secondary infections. Outcomes of interest include reduced pneumonial mortality and improved immunization scheduling.

A clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adult and pediatric patients. The guideline examines diagnostic methods, treatment by age group, and special considerations including allogeneic stem cell transplantation and the role of cranial radiation. Outcomes of interest include probability of survival and incidence of hematological relapse.

This clinical practice guideline is for adolescents and young adults (AYAs), defined as individuals aged 15 to 39 years, who have been diagnosed with cancer. The guideline discusses issues specific to AYAs and recommends interventions unique to these patients. Topics include an overview of risk factors, screening, diagnosis, and special considerations for management of AYA patients such as adherence to treatment and fertility preservation, contraception for women during and after cancer treatment, and management of cancer during pregnancy. Psychosocial and behavioural issues, survivorship issues, and palliative and end-of-life care are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for smoking cessation in patients with cancer. The guideline emphasizes the importance of smoking cessation in all patients with cancer and seeks to establish evidence-based, standard of care recommendations tailored to the unique needs and concerns of patients with cancer. Treatment plans are provided that include recommendations that evaluate the merits of pharmacotherapy, behaviour therapy, and follow-up. The guideline developers acknowledge that smoking and nicotine addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder and as a result, the guideline also provides recommendations around retreatment and the management of relapse.

This clinical practice guideline reviews diagnosis and management of adenocarcinomas of the exocrine pancreas. Risk factors and genetic predisposition are discussed, and the guideline provides recommendations on screening, diagnosis and staging, and treatment options including systemic therapy, chemoradiation, and surgical management. Palliative and supportive care are also reviewed. Topics of interest include an overview of biomarkers, and suggestions for management of premalignant tumours of the pancreas.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for evaluation, workup, management, and follow-up of 2 pathologic diagnoses in patients with epithelial occult primary cancer: adenocarcinoma or carcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Diagnostic tests are recommended based on disease location and patient gender. Treatment options for disseminated or localized disease for adenocarcinoma and site-specific SCC are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for Hodgkin lymphoma. The guideline discusses the clinical management of patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL), focusing exclusively on patients from post adolescence through the seventh decade of life who do not have serious intercurrent disease. Areas considered and discussed within the guideline include: staging and prognosis, the role of PET scans, treatment, principles of radiation therapy, and follow-up after completion of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients aged 15 or older with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The guideline reviews diagnosis, workup and risk stratification, treatment and consolidation therapy stratified by age and Philadelphia chromosome presence/absence, surveillance, treatment for relapse/refractory disease, and supportive care. The guideline discusses typical immunophenotyping panels for all major subtypes, and minimal residual disease assessment. Evaluation and treatment of extra medullary involvement is also reviewed.

This guideline is for adult patients over 16 years of age with suspected, newly diagnosed, or relapsed myeloma. The guideline provides recommendations on laboratory and imaging investigations, management of newly diagnosed myeloma, managing acute renal disease caused by myeloma, preventing and managing complications, disease monitoring, and managing relapsed myeloma. Recommendations are also provided on service organization. Outcomes of interest include time to biochemical and/or clinical progression, overall survival, adverse events, quality of life and resource use.

This is a clinical practice guideline for male patients diagnosed with or suspected of having prostate cancer. The guideline reviews classification and staging, diagnostic evaluation, disease management, and follow-up care. Side effects of local treatment and health-related quality of life in prostate cancer survivors are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, cancer-specific survival, development of metastatic disease, sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic procedures, and side effects of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women who are at increased risk of developing breast cancer. The guideline provides an overview on risk assessment, risk-reduction interventions including lifestyle interventions, risk-reduction surgery, and risk-reduction agents (tamoxifen, raloxifene, aromatase inhibitors). Recommendations are also provided for managing side effects of risk-reduction agents and monitoring for complications. Risk-reduction counselling is also discussed.

A clinical practice guideline for prostate cancer survivors. The guideline examines health promotion, screening for second primary cancers, and assessment of physical and psychosocial effects. Outcomes of interest include effective referral, minimized psychological harm, and reduced recurrence.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of complications in patients with multiple myeloma. The guideline examines treatment and supportive care for common complications, including pain management, anemia, renal impairment, peripheral neuropathy, infections, and venous thromboembolisms. Outcomes of interest include renal failure, fracture, and reduced impairment.

A clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers. The guideline examines preferred locoregional staging methods and treatment options including an emphasis on interprofessional care. Outcomes of interest include limited evidence for the benefits of surgical treatment in some cases and some evidence that primary chemotherapy may provide some benefit over radiotherapy.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of female patients with cervical cancer. The guideline examines diagnosis, staging, treatment including surgery and adjuvant therapy, and follow up. Outcomes of interest include fertility preservations and improved quality of life through hormonal replacement therapy during follow up.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the identification and treatment of psychosocial problems in patients with cancer. The guideline discusses screening tools for distress, initial evaluation and treatment by the oncology team, psychological/psychiatric treatment by mental health professionals, social work and counselling services, and spiritual and chaplaincy care. Psychological/psychiatric treatment guidelines are reviewed. Special topics of interest include oncologist burnout.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients (children/adolescents and adults) who are experiencing cancer-related fatigue. The guideline discusses evaluation and intervention for patients on active treatment, post-treatment, and at end of life. Education and counselling, nonpharmacologic interventions, and pharmacologic interventions are all discussed along with general strategies for management of fatigue.

This clinical practice guideline reviews diagnosis and management of adenocarcinomas of the exocrine pancreas. Risk factors and genetic predisposition are discussed, and the guideline provides recommendations on screening, diagnosis and staging, and treatment options including systemic therapy, chemoradiation, and surgical management. Palliative and supportive care are also reviewed. Topics of interest include an overview of biomarkers, and suggestions for management of premalignant tumours of the pancreas.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for evaluation, workup, management, and follow-up of 2 pathologic diagnoses in patients with epithelial occult primary cancer: adenocarcinoma or carcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Diagnostic tests are recommended based on disease location and patient gender. Treatment options for disseminated or localized disease for adenocarcinoma and site-specific SCC are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with colon cancer or adenocarcinomas of the small bowel and appendix. The guideline reviews staging, pathology, clinical presentation and treatment of nonmetastatic disease, management of metastatic disease, post-treatment surveillance, and survivorship. The role of vitamin D in colorectal cancer is also discussed.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with any type of cancer. The guideline examines the benefits of smoking cessation, and education for quitting once a patient has been diagnosed with cancer. Outcomes of interest include quality of life and treatment-related toxicity.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. The guideline examines the use of oxaliplatin, fluorouracil and leucovorin in patients who had received, or were intolerant to, gemcitabine-based therapy. Outcomes of interest include progression-free and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors. The guideline reviews methods to identify and manage any physical and psychosocial long-term and late effects of CRC and its treatment, recommendations on surveillance for recurrence and screening for second primary cancers, and health promotion recommendations with detailed discussion about obesity, physical activity, nutrition, and smoking cessation. The guideline also discusses coordination of care among specialists and primary care providers.

This is an update to the 2013 clinical practice guideline for the management of multiple myeloma in adult patients. The guideline examines diagnosis and treatment for multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy, smoldering myeloma, and amyloidosis, including prognostic criteria. Outcomes of interest include improved survival outcomes through triple drug based induction regimens and improved dose reduction options for elderly patients.

This clinical practice guideline discusses specific issues related to the management of cancer in adults aged 65 years or older. Topics include screening and comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), assessing risks and benefits of treatment, preventing or decreasing complications from therapy, and managing disease-specific issues. Recommendations are also provided for management of patients deemed to be at high risk for toxicity from standard treatment.

This clinical practice guideline is for adolescents and young adults (AYAs), defined as individuals aged 15 to 39 years, who have been diagnosed with cancer. The guideline discusses issues specific to AYAs and recommends interventions unique to these patients. Topics include an overview of risk factors, screening, diagnosis, and special considerations for management of AYA patients such as adherence to treatment and fertility preservation, contraception for women during and after cancer treatment, and management of cancer during pregnancy. Psychosocial and behavioural issues, survivorship issues, and palliative and end-of-life care are also discussed.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Induction therapy and post-remission (consolidation) therapy are reviewed with recommendations stratified by risk and age. Specific recommendations are provided for the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The guideline also discusses therapy for relapse, evaluation and treatment of CNS leukemia, and supportive care.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/neu positive locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction. The guideline examines the use of trastuzumab in conjunction with cisplatin and fluorouracil or capecitabine as a first-line treatment. Outcomes of interest include progression-free and overall survival.

This guideline addresses person-centred care for adults 18 years and older in Ontario using oncology services. The guideline discusses the importance of treating patients as individuals and provides recommendations on putting patients first and ensuring that essential requirements of care such as respect for the patient, patient concerns, nutrition, pain management and personal needs, patient independence, and consent and capacity, are met. Additionally, the guideline provides recommendations on tailoring healthcare service for each patient and enabling patients to actively participate in their care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have completed active medical or radiation oncology treatment for early-stage breast cancer and who have been discharged by the cancer care centre for care by the referring physician. The guideline provides recommendations on responsibilities regarding follow-up care, follow-up investigations and surveillance, and signs and symptoms indicative of a breast cancer recurrence. Potential complications from cancer treatment and common survivorship concerns and challenges are also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women who are at increased risk of developing breast cancer. The guideline provides an overview on risk assessment, risk-reduction interventions including lifestyle interventions, risk-reduction surgery, and risk-reduction agents (tamoxifen, raloxifene, aromatase inhibitors). Recommendations are also provided for managing side effects of risk-reduction agents and monitoring for complications. Risk-reduction counselling is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline on treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The guideline reviews tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy and provides recommendations on workup and treatment of chronic and advanced phase CML. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) is discussed including a review of prognostic factors, discussion on the effect of prior TKI therapy, indications for allogeneic HCT, monitoring response after allogeneic HCT, and management of post-transplant relapse.

This clinical practice guideline reviews workup, staging, and treatment for both noninvasive and invasive breast cancer. Special considerations include phyllodes tumour, Paget's disease, breast cancer during pregnancy, and inflammatory breast cancer. Treatment recommendations for invasive cancer are stratified by tumour receptor status and stage. Fertility and birth control are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients aged 15 or older with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The guideline reviews diagnosis, workup and risk stratification, treatment and consolidation therapy stratified by age and Philadelphia chromosome presence/absence, surveillance, treatment for relapse/refractory disease, and supportive care. The guideline discusses typical immunophenotyping panels for all major subtypes, and minimal residual disease assessment. Evaluation and treatment of extra medullary involvement is also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the screening, assessment and management of cancer-related fatigue in adults. The guideline examines the efficacy of interventions (pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and/or combinations) for reducing cancer-related fatigue in adults and comparisons are made to usual care and attention control. Outcomes of interest include clinically significant improvement in fatigue or clinically significant reduction in cancer-related fatigue (measured by severity) or differences in fatigue severity between intervention group and controls using self-reported outcome measures.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with stage IV or advanced, unresectable colorectal carcinoma. The guideline examines the use of cetuximab as a third-line therapy once other therapies, including fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatin, or irinotecan, had been tried or when patients are intolerant to other options. Outcomes of interest include progression-free and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with prostate cancer who have received treatment with curative intent. The frequency by which prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels should be tested in these patients is discussed, and the guideline also examines appropriate diagnostic testing techniques for instances in which biochemical (BC) recurrence occurs. The guideline also discusses psychosocial issues, sexual health, fatigue, urinary health, and bowel heath outcomes associated with prostate cancer treatment.

This guideline provides recommendations on the use of advanced practice nurses (APNs) to optimize patient, provider, and health system outcomes across the cancer care continuum. Specifically, the guideline reviews patient populations and situations (types of needs, practice settings, phase of the cancer care continuum) for which APN roles have demonstrated equivalent or improved outcomes, or reduced harms in cancer care. Outcomes of interest include quality of life, physical, functional, psychosocial, and mental health, as well as morbidity, mortality, symptom management, patient and provider satisfaction, health care utilization, costs, and quality of care.

This is a clinical practice guideline offers best practice advice on the care of men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The guideline provides recommendations on the effective evidence-based management of LUTS. Areas covered in the guideline include discussion of: initial assessment, conservative management, surgery, and drug treatment. The guideline also provides recommendations on how to best ensure men with LUTS have access to care that addresses their psychosocial issues.

This is a clinical practice guideline for smoking cessation in patients with cancer. These guidelines emphasize the importance of smoking cessation in all patients with cancer and seek to establish evidence-based, standard of care recommendations tailored to the unique needs and concerns of patients with cancer. These guidelines provide treatment plans that include recommendations that evaluate the merits of pharmacotherapy, behaviour therapy, and follow-up. The guideline developers acknowledge that smoking and nicotine addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder and as a result, the guideline also provides recommendations around retreatment and the management of relapse.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on assessment and management of cancer pain in adult patients, including pain in adult cancer survivors. Pathophysiologic classification of cancer pain syndromes is reviewed, and recommendations are provided for pain assessment, management/intervention, and reassessment. Both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions are discussed.

This clinical practice guideline reviews diagnostic assessment and management of prostate cancer. The guideline discusses risk stratification, molecular testing, and imaging for clinical assessment and staging workup. Management options reviewed include observation, active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, with treatment recommendations stratified by risk. Outcomes of interest include survival and adverse effects of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cervical cancer including squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma of the cervix. The guideline discusses diagnosis and workup, principles of staging and surgery, primary treatment, adjuvant treatment, surveillance, and therapy for relapse. Special topics of consideration include incidental cervical cancer, radiation therapy, and cervical cancer and pregnancy.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on exercise for adult patients living with cancer (including those on active treatment and who have completed treatment). Benefits of specific types of exercise are considered along with safety concerns, and recommendations are provided for delivery models and exercise regimens for patients living with cancer at different points in the cancer journey, as well as pre-screening requirements for new referrals. Outcomes of interest include quality of life, safety, and muscular and aerobic fitness.

This is a clinical practice guideline for hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) donors and recipients. The guideline provides recommendations on the diagnosis and management of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in these patients, and examines the treatment of HCV-infected donors before HCT, as well as the treatment of HCV-infected long-term HCT survivors.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients at risk of Birt-Hogge-Dubé Syndrome, the familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome and neurofibromatosis 1&2, either based on clinical suspicion or family history. The guideline reviews indications for genetic testing, clinical utility of specific genetic tests, and follow-up depending on test results and family history. Impact of genetic counselling and test on patient behaviour and distress levels is also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the treatment of lung cancer. Recommendations are provided by stage, type (non-small cell and small cell) and whether cancer is operable, and treatment options for review include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Recommendations on palliative and supportive care are also provided. Outcomes of interest include survival (progression free, overall), post-operative complication rates, toxicity, and quality of life.

This clinical practice guideline discusses genetic testing for patients diagnosed with or suspected of having hereditary endocrine cancer syndromes, specifically multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2), multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome, and paraganglioma and phaeochromocytoma. Indications for genetic testing of relatives of patients is also reviewed. Genetic testing for Succinate Dehydrogenase B, C and D (SDHB, SDHC, SDHD), menin, VHL and RET mutations are discussed. Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, health outcomes, and psychosocial outcomes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients diagnosed with or at risk of hereditary gastrointestinal cancer syndromes including lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis (AFAP), MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP), Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, juvenile polyposis syndrome, Cowden syndrome, serrated (hyperplastic) polyposis syndrome, hereditary pancreatic cancer, and hereditary gastric cancer. The guideline reviews initial assessment, genetic testing for a germline mutation when indicated, pre- and post-test genetic counselling, and management of patients who meet clinical criteria for a syndrome as well as those with identified pathogenic germline mutations. Outcomes of interest include cancer risk, quality of life, and survival benefit from surveillance.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The guideline examines the use of folfirinox - a combination of fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, leucovorin and irinotecan - as a first-line treatment. Outcomes of interest include progression-free and overall survival.

This clinical practice guideline addresses care of adult patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, specifically within Nova Scotia. The guideline provides recommendations on pre-surgical evaluation of thyroid nodules, surgical treatment and complications, pathology reporting, grading and tumour staging (TNM), risk prognostic systems, and post-surgical radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. Protocols for lab and diagnostic follow-up, management of local and regional recurrences, early and long-term follow-up, and supportive and palliative care management are also addressed.

A clinical practice guideline for the screening, assessment and management of psychosocial distress, depression and anxiety in adults with cancer. The guideline examines appropriate clinical intervals for psychosocial screening, contributing factors, and interdisciplinary care. Outcomes of interest include improvement in cancer-related worry and reduced post traumatic stress.

This is a clinical practice guideline for primary care providers, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists and other clinicians caring for female adult breast cancer survivors. The guideline provides key recommendations for breast cancer survivorship care as it relates to surveillance and screening for breast cancer recurrence, risk evaluation and genetic counseling, and laboratory tests and imaging. Additionally, the guideline discusses the nature of support survivors should be provided with to address a number of psychosocial issues including depression, body image issues, financial challenges, and cognitive impairment.

These clinical practice guidelines for survivorship provide screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations for common consequences of cancer and cancer treatment to aid health-care professionals who work with survivors of adult-onset cancer in the post-treatment period, including those in specialty cancer survivor clinics and primary care practices. The guidelines focus on the vast and persistent impact both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer can have on the adult survivor’s health, physical and mental states, health behaviours, professional and personal identity, sexuality, and financial standing.

The purpose of this clinical practice guideline is to provide guidance to the primary oncology team so as to help ensure each patient within their care experiences the best quality of life possible throughout the illness trajectory. The guideline was developed to facilitate the appropriate integration of palliative care into oncology practice. The guideline outlines procedure for screening, assessment, palliative care interventions, reassessment, and after-death care. The panel initially focused on the needs of patients in their last 12 months of life. More recent versions, however, have expanded the focus to all patients and family experiencing cancer throughout the disease trajectory.

This is a clinical practice guideline for individuals at risk of or having genetic mutations that increase their risk of breast or ovarian cancer. The guideline reviews hereditary breast or breast/ovarian cancer syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Cowden syndrome/PTEN Hamartoma tumour syndrome, and other genetic mutations associated with breast/ovarian cancer. Recommendations are provided for initial risk assessment, formal risk assessment and genetic counselling, and management options for individuals with a clinical diagnosis following genetic testing.

A clinical practice guideline for cancer patients. The guideline examines the screening, diagnosis, and management of depression in patients with major depressive disorder or who have a suspected depressive disorder. Outcomes of interest include improved health outcomes and reduced adverse events.

This guideline set provides recommendations on the supportive care for cancer patients, including oral and dental care, pain and symptom management, febrile neutropenia, and osteoporosis. Topics of discussion include prevention and treatment, and palliative care. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with oral cavity cancers. The guideline examines diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up with a focus on radiotherapy and appropriate imaging techniques. Outcomes of interest include improved supportive care through nutritional therapy and improved follow-up timing.

A clinical practice guideline for adult and pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy for cancer. The guideline examines the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting through both psychosocial and pharmacological interventions. Outcomes of interest include moderate improvement with minimal risk through non-pharmacological means, and reduction of negative stimuli.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. The guideline examines diagnosis and staging with specific focus on imaging recommendations, including MRI and CT. Treatment options, including radical chemotherapy and surgery are also discussed based on imaging results. Outcomes of interest include improved treatment selection, specifically in cases where previous treatments have failed.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with biliary tract and gall bladder cancers. The guidelines examines assessment and treatment based on disease staging or re-staging, primarily thought chemotherapy or surgery. Outcomes of interest include improved nutritional supplementation and reduced need for follow-up imaging.

A clinical practice guideline for the treatment of small cell and non small cell lung cancer. The guideline examines treatment options for multiple stages of lung cancer, and provides palliative and supportive recommendations. Outcomes of interest include optimal systemic and concurrent therapies, and benefits based on operability. This guideline is wiki-based and is constantly updated as new evidence arises - this review pertains to the guideline as of June 27, 2014.

A clinical practice guideline for the early detection of cancer in adolescent and young adult patients aged 15 to 24. The guideline reviews common signs and symptoms of cancer and provides recommendations on appropriate investigations and timely and appropriate referral depending on symptom presentation. This guideline is wiki-based and is constantly updated as new evidence arises - this review pertains to the guideline as of June 27, 2014.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients diagnosed and living with recurrent brain metastases. The guideline discusses different retreatment options such as whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT), stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), surgery without radiation, and chemotherapy. The guideline also examines the role of best supportive care (BSC) and the follow-up of patients, including a discussion of imaging modalities and intervals for follow-up imaging.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with suspected or confirmed multiple myeloma. Diagnostic procedures are recommended and treatment options outlined, including chemotherapy, induction therapy, high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (AlloSCT). Recommendations are also provided for maintenance therapy and the treatment of medical conditions common in patients with myeloma. Outcomes of interest include treatment response rate, survival, toxicity, quality of life, and treatment-related mortality.

A clinical practice guideline for managing brain metastases in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) –positive advanced breast cancer. The guideline examines local and systemic therapy treatment options based on prognosis and disease progression. Outcomes of interest include improved brain control and reduced risk of local recurrence.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adolescents and young adults - aged between 15 and 24 years of age - diagnosed with cancer of any type. The guideline reviews fertility discussions between practitioner and patient, options for fertility preservation, impact of treatments on fertility, and long term follow-up. Additional links for patient and practitioner resources are also provided.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults over the age of 18 years with recurrent high-grade gliomas, including grade III anaplastic astrocytomas, anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, anaplastic oligoastrocytomas and grade IV glioblastomas. The guideline discusses diagnostic assessment for recurrence, and treatment options including systemic therapy, surgery, and re-irradiation. Factors of consideration when determining treatment course are also discussed.

A clinical practice guideline for adult patients with brain tumours, specifically focusing on nursing activities. The guideline examines management from diagnosis to survivorship or end-of-life care, with specific focus on symptom management and communication with patients and family. Outcomes of interest include improved patient education and supportive communication..

A clinical practice guideline for adults with cancer at any stage of the cancer continuum. The guideline examines appropriate support for suffering, including self-management aids and spiritual issues. Outcomes of interest include improved self-efficacy and self-esteem.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with no signs or symptoms of BRCA-related cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on risk assessment, genetic counselling, and genetic testing for potentially harmful BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations in asymptomatic women. The guideline also examines interventions aimed at decreasing the risk for development of BRCA-related cancer in women with potentially harmful BRCA mutations in their family. Outcomes of interest include accuracy and adverse effects of BRCA mutation testing, and effectiveness of testing and risk-reducing treatments.

This is a clinical practice guideline for males with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on management including psychosocial care, treatment for locally advanced disease, biochemical relapse, overt metastatic disease and/or loco-regional progressive disease, and castration-resistant prostate cancer. Palliative care, complementary and alternative therapies, socio-economic aspects of advanced prostate cancer, and emerging therapies are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include treatment efficacy, toxicity, morbidity, adverse effects from surgery, survival (overall, disease-free, prostate-cancer-specific) and disease progression.

This guideline provides recommendations on geriatric assessment (GA) in older oncology patients. Topics of discussion include the use of GA to predict oncology treatment-related complications, the association between GA findings and overall survival; (OA), and the impact of GA findings on oncology treatment decisions. The composition of and key domains within GA are reviewed, and recommendations are provided on implementing GA in clinical care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients diagnosed with or at risk of having anal cancer. The guideline outlines screening and prevention, diagnostic assessment and staging, treatment, and follow-up and surveillance. Special topics of interest include treatment of the elderly and personalized medicine. Management of advanced/metastatic disease is also discussed. Outcomes of interest include survival, recurrence rates and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients over 18 years of age with metastatic colorectal cancer. The guideline reviews surveillance and treatment options including surgery, radiotherapy, palliative chemotherapy and biological therapy. Outcomes of interest include survival (overall, progression-free), and toxicity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with apparent early stage endometrial cancer at the time of diagnosis, that may have low or high risk features. The guideline examines pre-operative investigations, surgery techniques, and adjuvant treatment including radiotherapy and chemotherapy, with recommendations taking risk into consideration. The use of multidisciplinary team management is also discussed. Outcomes of interest include treatment risks, complications, and survival rates. This guideline is wiki-based and is constantly updated as new evidence arises - this review pertains to the guideline as of July 11, 2014

This is a clinical practice guideline for prostate cancer survivors. The guideline discusses health promotion, surveillance for prostate cancer recurrence, screening for second primary cancers, long-term and late effects assessment and management, and psychosocial issues. Care coordination and implications for clinical practice are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for health-care providers (HCPs) to help screen, identify and manage cancer-related distress experienced by individuals diagnosed with cancer and their families. This guideline seeks to assist HCPs to become aware/sensitive to cancer-related distress; educate HCPs about management strategies for cancer-related distress; identify referral options for management of cancer-related distress by front-line HCPs; provide direction for cancer-related distress management and treatment options; assist front-line HCPs to identify and access appropriate specialist psychosocial care referral; and support the provision of person-centred care with a focus on cancer-related distress.

A clinical practice guideline for adult and paediatric patients undergoing colonoscopies for cancer surveillance. The guideline examines appropriate bowel cleansing procedures, including dietary recommendations and salvage options. Outcomes of interest include improved OTC purgative prescription and greater use of low-volume agents.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with advanced breast cancer. The guideline examines diagnosis and treatment, focusing on systemic therapies, and provides patient-centred recommendations. Outcomes of interest include reductions in skeletal-related events and optimized drug sequencing.

A clinical practice guideline for pediatric brain tumour patients, specifically for nursing activities. The guideline examines management of brain tumour diagnosis and treatment, including symptom management and supportive care. Outcomes of interest include improved nursing surveillance of neurological and hereditary cognitive symptoms.

This is a clinical practice guideline for breast cancer patients currently undergoing cancer treatment. The guideline reviews the use of complementary and integrative therapies for the management of treatment related symptoms. Therapies such as acupuncture, hypnosis, meditation, relaxation and imagery, natural products (botanicals, minerals, vitamins), stress management and yoga are considered. Outcomes of interest include effectiveness of therapy for the management of clinical symptoms (such as fatigue, depression, pain, neuropathy, lymphedema, sleep, and anxiety, and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, among others), quality of life, organ toxicities, and adverse events.

This guideline discusses psychosocial management of adolescents and young adults (AYA's) - aged between 15 and 24 - diagnosed with cancer of any type. Topics of discussion include effective communication, addressing the support and information needs of family members, addressing physical/medical issues that impact psychosocial wellbeing, addressing psychological wellbeing, helping to keep the patient connected with life outside their cancer treatment, providing age appropriate clinical management, and addressing palliative care needs. Other resources are also provided for patients, family and friends, and for health professionals.

This clinical practice guideline discusses cervical cancer control including: cervical cancer prevention and control programmes; community mobilization, education and counselling; HPV vaccination; screening and treatment of cervical pre-cancer; diagnosis and treatment of invasive cervical cancer; and palliative care. Treatment options for special populations including women who are pregnant and women living with HIV are also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for elderly patients at risk of or diagnosed with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The guideline discusses screening strategies and reviews treatment options stratified by stage. Surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted agents and second-line therapies are discussed. Other topics of consideration include the consideration of patient preferences and the importance of geriatric assessment when determining optimal strategy for management of cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC). Treatment options are discussed for inoperable locally advanced breast cancer (LABC), both inflammatory and non-inflammatory; and metastatic breast cancer (MBC), with recommendations specific to site of metastasis. Treatment recommendations are further stratified by cancer subtype (tumour status) and by specific populations including patients with BRCA-associated triple-negative or endocrine-resistant MBC and male patients with ABC.

This guideline reviews perioperative care for enhanced recovery after gastrectomy for cancer. Recommendations are provided on preoperative counselling and nutrition, surgical preparation, technique, and methods, analgesia and anaesthetic management, and postoperative care including management of fluid balance, urinary drainage, glycaemic control, and stimulation of bowel movement, among others.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with, or being screened for, Waldenström macroglobulinaemia. The guideline examines management, including consistent monitoring of immunoglobulin and biological therapy with rituximab-containing regimens. Outcomes of interest increased treatment uniformity and solidified indications for introduction of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult cancer survivors who have completed their primary cancer treatment, including patients who are using ongoing therapies to manage their cancer or control symptoms. The guideline provides recommendations on the identification and management of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR). Outcomes of interest include health behaviours, psychological consequences of FCR, quality of life, and FCR interventions.

This is a clinical practice guideline for female patients aged 9 and above. The guideline provides recommendations on screening, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care of human papillomavirus (HPV) related cancers including cervical, vaginal, and vulvar. Special topics of interest include an overview of HPV vaccines and a discussion on controversies in care, including screening intervals and age to stop screening.

This clinical practice guideline discusses supportive care for patients undergoing breast cancer treatment in low- or middle-income countries. Resource allocation recommendations are provided for health professional and patient and family education; management of treatment related toxicities, management of treatment-related symptoms of fatigue, insomnia and non-specific pain, and management of psychosocial and spiritual issues related to breast cancer treatment.

A clinical practice guideline for patients who have completed treatment for early-stage breast cancer. The guideline examines surveillance follow-up for potential recurrence, with specific focus on potential complications from previous treatment. Outcomes of interest include improved management of endocrine therapy complications and improved lymphadema management.

This is a clinical practice guideline on end-of-life care for patients with terminal lung cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on when to provide palliative care within the overall treatment course, and on the role and importance of physician patient communication about the goals of palliative care, pros and cons of life-sustaining treatment, and end-of-life care options. Topics of interest include common misconceptions about what palliative care entails, management of distressing symptoms, cost and quality of care, cost at end of life, transition to hospice, and impact on family.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with lung cancer. The study reviews the benefits and risks of using complementary therapies and integrative medicine in addition to mainstream cancer treatment and care. The guideline reviews a variety of interventions including mind-body therapies, nutrition, massage, exercise, and acupuncture. Outcomes of interest include quality of life and reduction of emotional and physical symptoms.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women over 19 years of age who have biopsy-proven breast cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on specialist referral, treatment, and follow-up care including surveillance for breast cancer recurrence or new cancer, monitoring and treating complications and/or treatment side effects, and providing patient support.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who were treated for cancer as a child or teenager and who may be at risk of developing late effects that are largely, but not exclusively, related to the cancer treatment they received. The guideline reviews the identification, assessment, and management of treatment related late effects. Outcomes of interest include risk of developing late effects including subsequent primary cancers, fertility issues, cardiac effects, bone health, metabolic syndrome, cognitive and psychosocial outcomes, growth problems, dental and facial problems, and thyroid dysfunction.

This guideline discusses supportive care of patients after they have received curative treatment for breast cancer. The guideline recommendations are geared towards patients in low- or middle-income countries. Recommendations are provided on health education, community awareness, and psychosocial patient-support after curative treatment, as well as management of survivorship issues including long-term complications, lifestyle modifications, and monitoring and documentation following curative treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for asymptomatic survivors of childhood, adolescent, or young adult cancers who present for routine exposure-related medical follow-up. The guidelines are intended to be used 2 or more years after the completion of cancer therapy, and present recommendations on screening and management of late effects resulting from therapeutic exposures used during treatment for pediatric malignancies. Outcomes of interest include risk and type of long-term complications, and efficacy of screening for and treatment of these complications.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer recovering from radical cystectomy. The guideline examines preoperative recommendations including medical optimization, intraoperative approaches, and perioperative management. Outcomes of interest include reduced complications and length of hospital stay.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with lung cancer who are experiencing cancer-related symptoms. Recommendations are provided for the management of symptoms, including pain, dyspnea, airway obstruction, cough, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, spinal cord metastasis, superior vena cava syndrome, hemoptysis, tracheoesophageal fistula, pleural effusions, venous thromboembolic disease, depression, fatigue, anorexia, and insomnia. Outcome of interest is symptom management.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult and child patients with cancer. The guideline provides an overview of fertility preservation options for adult males, adult females, and children. Patient education and referral to reproductive specialists prior to cancer treatment are also discussed. Methods of fertility preservation are compared including cryopreservation options, hormonal therapy, and ovarian transposition (oophoropexy). Outcomes of interest include cost and effectiveness of preservation techniques, and effects of cancer treatments on fertility.

A clinical practice guideline for cancer-related pain management. The guideline examines appropriate pharmacological management for cancer pain, including NSAIDs, non-opioid analgesics, and regular opioids. Outcomes of interest include reduced pain intensity and reduced adverse events.

A clinical practice guideline for survivors of colorectal cancer. The guideline examines appropriate follow-up and surveillance for stage II and III cancer survivors, including appropriate timing, supportive care, and secondary prevention. Outcomes of interest include improved prevention through lifestyle changes and increasing carcinoembryonic antigen testing when necessary.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with cancer. The guideline reviews screening, assessment, and management of cancer-related sleep disturbance (insomnia and insomnia syndrome). Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are reviewed. Outcomes of interest include sleep quality, efficiency, onset latency, duration, and disturbance.

A clinical practice guideline for adult cancer patients. The guideline examines nutritional assessment and interventions to minimize cachexia and adverse nutritional side effects. Outcomes of interest include reduced malnutrition and weight loss, and reduced incidence of treatment interruptions.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of multiple myeloma in adult patients. The guideline examines diagnosis and treatment for multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy, smoldering myeloma, and amyloidosis, including prognostic criteria. Outcomes of interest include improved survival outcomes through triple drug based induction regimens and improved dose reduction options for elderly patients.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult women who are candidates for mastectomy, either for the treatment of breast cancer or for the prophylaxis of breast cancer in patients at high genetic risk. The guideline reviews eligibility for post-mastectomy breast reconstruction and provides recommendations on type and timing of reconstruction after review of the benefits and risks. Post-breast reconstruction surveillance is also reviewed. Outcomes of interest include post-reconstruction complications (short and long term), quality of life, local recurrence, failure rate, cost effectiveness, and aesthetic outcomes.

A clinical practice guideline for patients preparing to undergo thyroid surgery. The guideline examines best practices for informing patients of relevant surgical information, including potential risks and complications. Outcomes of interest include mandatory thresholds for informed consent and effective communication methods.

This clinical practice guideline discusses palliative and supportive care of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Specifically the guideline examines resource allocations for those patients in low- or middle income countries. Health systems resource allocations including education (for both health professionals and patients and families), palliative care models, and diagnostic testing are discussed. Additionally, supportive care recommendations are provided for metastatic disease management, and palliative care recommendations are discussed including pain management and psychosocial and spiritual aspects of care.

A clinical practice guideline for adult cancer patients with gastrointestinal complications. The guideline examines diagnostic workups for diarrhea, lactose intolerance, neutropenia, and bacteremia, and management through nutritional and pharmacological means. Outcomes of interest include improved prophylactic measures and improved hand hygiene recommendations.

This is a clinical practice guideline regarding the clinical management of Lynch syndrome (LS) (previously referred to as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer; HNPCC). The guideline looks at improving the identification of LS, optimal surveillance protocols for various cancers, the role of prophylactic hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy, and appropriate surgical treatment for CRC. Other topics of discussion include the influence of lifestyle and environmental factors on the development of CRC in LS, the role of aspirin in the management of LS, prenatal diagnosis (PND) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) in LS, and the psychosocial implications of genetic testing and surveillance.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with malignant melanoma. The guideline examines management from diagnosis to follow-up, including referral processes, recommendations for pregnant patients, and supportive care. Outcomes of interest include improved recommendations for the timing and efficacy of sentinel lymph node biopsy, which is generally recommended as a first-line staging tool.

This clinical practice guideline discusses diagnosis and management and treatment of patients with suspected or confirmed multiple myeloma. Diagnostic procedures are recommended and treatment options outlined, including chemotherapy, induction therapy, high-dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (AlloSCT). The guideline also discusses maintenance therapy and supportive interventions for common complications resulting from myeloma or its treatment. Outcomes of interest include treatment response rate, survival, toxicity, quality of life, and treatment-related mortality.

This is a clinical practice guideline for lung cancer patients with tobacco dependence. The guideline reviews treatment of tobacco use during screening and treatment stages including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Special considerations are made for patients with depressive symptoms. The guideline also reviews cessation intervention for current smokers undergoing low-dose CT screening and for current smokers with smoking related pulmonary disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for male and female adults without breast cancer who are at risk for developing breast cancer because of a family history of breast, ovarian or a related cancer, or for male and female adults with a diagnosis of breast cancer and a family history of breast, ovarian, or related cancers. The guideline provides recommendations on genetic testing thresholds, and strategies for surveillance, risk reduction and treatment. Outcomes of interest include incidence of familial breast cancer, mortality from breast cancer, health related quality of life, and clinical and cost effectiveness of interventions.

This clinical practice guideline is part 3 of a 3 part series on the initial staging of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, larynx and pharynx (excluding nasopharynx). This guideline discusses screening, assessment and initial management of risk factors (smoking, alcohol, HPV), frequent medical comorbidities, nutritional status, social and psychological status, dental status, pain and possible anemia. The guideline also outlines chemotherapy work-up and work-up for microanastomosed free-flap cervicofacial reconstruction.

This clinical practice guideline discusses pre- and peri-operative care interventions for patients undergoing elective rectal or pelvic surgery. Comparisons are made between rectal resection and colon resection recommendations, specifically in pre-operative counselling and optimisation. Outcomes of interest include rates of anastamotic leaks, length of hospital stay, and post-operative morbidity.

A clinical practice guideline for the perioperative care of patients undergoing elective colonic surgery. The guideline examines pre- and peri-operative nutrition and analgesic care options, as well as postoperative complication reduction options. Outcomes of interest include reduced length of hospital stay, re-admissions, and mortality.

A clinical practice guideline examining the risks and benefits of providing skin care counseling to children and adults as a preventative measure for skin cancer. The guideline examines the effectiveness of behavioural change interventions and effective counseling interventions for multiple age brackets. Areas of focus include recommendations for individuals with fair skin and sun-protective behaviours.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the management of adult patients with glioblastoma. The guideline provides treatment recommendations and discusses the prognostic value of MGMT promoter methylation. Surgery, external beam radiation, and chemotherapy are discussed as treatment options. Outcomes of interest include survival rates and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline on optimal perioperative care for patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. The guideline provides recommendations for pre- and perioperative care as well as surgical technique. Outcomes of interest include morbidity, recovery rate, and cost.

This is a professional guideline that provides recommendations on the organization and delivery of health-care services for head and neck cancer patients in Alberta. The guideline outlines the professional health-care team involved in the treatment of head and neck cancer patients, including their roles and minimum required qualifications. It also provides guidance on minimum infrastructure requirements, optimal cancer centre and team member volumes, and wait times to care from referral to initiation of curative treatment.

A clinical practice guideline for immediate breast reconstruction in women with early stage breast cancer. The guideline examines the oncological safety of immediate reconstruction based on recurrence, risk of delay in adjuvant chemotherapy, and complication rates. The disadvantages of reconstruction before radiation therapy are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients known to be at above-average risk for colorectal cancer (CRC) development, such as patients who have already had adenomatous polyps removed or surgery for CRC and patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The guideline discusses colonoscopic surveillance after polypectomy, the role of surveillance colonoscopy after curative resection for colorectal cancer, and colonoscopic surveillance and management of dysplasia in inflammatory bowel disease. Psychosocial aspects, socio-economic factors, and economic considerations are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include adenoma detection rates, testing sensitivity, and cost effectiveness.

This is a clinical practice guideline for cancer patients with a solid tumour who have been curatively treated. The guideline reviews cancer and treatment related side effects and discusses individual cancer survivorship care plans and general organization of cancer aftercare. The use of aftercare to evaluate medical practice is also discussed, and cost and resource implications are outlined.

This clinical practice guideline examines cancer rehabilitation and is aimed at patients over 18 years of age who are undergoing or have completed cancer treatment. The guideline reviews long-term and late effects of general cancer treatment and provides recommendations on screening for adverse effects, referral and intake, and rehabilitation programs during curative treatment, after completion of curative treatment, and in the palliative phase. Work reintegration and social participation is also reviewed.

This is a clinical guideline that reviews systemic treatment options for adult patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. First line and maintenance recommendations are provided. The guideline also examines the use of biological markers for personalized therapy. Outcomes of interest include overall survival and adverse affects.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults aged 19 and over. The guideline examines surveillance colonoscopy after polypectomy or curative resection for colorectal cancer, and in inflammatory bowel disease. Advances in colonoscopy, CT colonography, and other methods of investigation are also discussed, as well as psychosocial effects of colonoscopy and socioeconomic factors. Outcomes of interest include survival, patient experience, and accuracy of colonoscopy.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of cancer cachexia, particularly refractory cachexia, in advanced cancer patients. The guideline examines treatment through nutritional supplementation, medication, and counselling. Outcomes of interest include prophylactic options and short term interventions.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of adult gliomas. The guideline examines patients' needs, particularly with astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, across the cancer continuum. Areas of focus include symptom management, and psychosocial care.

A professional guideline for oncology nursing competencies. The guideline examines guiding principles for nurses throughout the cancer continuum, and enumerates core competencies. Important aspects include both clinical and supportive competencies, and a focus on accountability and quality improvement.

This is an organizational and professional guideline that provides a model and provincial standard for delivery of systemic therapy to cancer patients in Nova Scotia. Minimum standards are addressed to ensure safe administration of systemic therapy, with important aspects of consideration including therapy type, physical facilities, organizational support, supportive care, and management of oncologic emergencies.