Cancer Guidelines Database

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer. Non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, metastatic (Stage IVB) urothelial bladder cancer, non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder, upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, and primary carcinomas of the urethra are all specifically discussed. The guideline provides algorithms for diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with head and neck cancers. The guideline examines workup and staging, treatment, and follow-up for various head and neck cancers including cancer of the lip, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, and larynx, as well as paranasal tumours, very advanced head and neck cancers, occult primary cancer, salivary gland tumours, and mucosal melanoma of the head and neck. Nutrition, supportive care, comorbidities, quality of life, and dental evaluation and management are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma. The guideline examines diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up, while also providing recommendations on HIV screening and HIV therapy during cancer treatment. Antiretroviral therapy (ART), topical therapies, intralesional chemotherapy, local incisions, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy are all discussed as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with suspected or confirmed pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and staging of these patients, as well as treatment options based on disease stage. Specific recommendations are provided based on whether the patient has potentially curable pancreatic adenocarcinoma, or unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma, with the latter including chemotherapy, the removal of biliary obstructions, and palliative approaches.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with esophageal cancer, including both squamous cell esophageal cancer and adenocarcinoma. The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and staging of these patients, as well as treatment options based on disease stage. The treatment of potentially curable esophageal cancer, as well as palliative approaches to incurable esophageal cancer, are specifically discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with a diagnosis of non-metastatic, muscle-invasive bladder cancer, including patients with a single regional lymph node metastasis in the true pelvis. The guideline examines the staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radical cystectomy with bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection, bladder preservation / combined modality approaches, adjuvant chemotherapy, and adjuvant radiotherapy are all discussed as management options. The guideline also addresses special situations, including small cell carcinoma of the bladder, urachal adenocarcinomas, and non-urothelial histology.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The guideline examines the risk factors, classification factors, diagnostic evaluation, pathologic evaluation, staging, predictive and prognostic biomarkers, treatment, and surveillance of these patients. Treatment approaches considered include surgery, radiation therapy, and combined modality therapy. The discussion on initial therapy is stratified by disease stage.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with myeloid or lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia (MLN-Eo) and tyrosine kinase fusion genes. The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of these patients. Specific topics discussed include cytogenic and molecular testing, the role of next-generation sequencing, the evaluation of organ involvement, as well as various chemotherapy regimens.

This is a clinical practice guideline for hepatobiliary cancers. The guideline examines the clinical management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gallbladder cancer, as well as intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Risk factors, diagnosis, staging and prognosis, and treatment are discussed for the different conditions.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the role of bronchoscopy during the COVID-19 pandemic, including for the diagnosis, staging, or characterization of known or suspected lung cancer. The guideline focuses on the optimal protection of patients and healthcare workers in these settings. The use of personal protective equipment by healthcare workers, and COVID-19 testing in patients undergoing bronchoscopy, are discussed, as is the timing of bronchoscopy in patients with a high suspicion of lung cancer. The impact of delayed care on the survival of lung cancer patients is also considered.

A clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis, workup, and treatment of patients who have been diagnosed with or are suspected of having primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (PCBCLs). The guideline focuses on the three main types of PCBCLs: primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL), primary cutaneous follicle-center lymphoma (PCFCL), and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL, leg type). Recommendations for treatment are provided based on lymphoma type and whether treatment is for initial, relapsed, or refractory disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with breast cancer. The guideline examines the use of estrogen and progesterone receptor testing to determine which patients are best suited for endocrine therapy. Specific topics addressed include the prognostic value of estrogen and progesterone receptors, testing of ductal carcinoma in situ, and other potential assays for determining patient suitability for endocrine therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of rectal cancer. The guideline provides recommendations regarding diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, and patient surveillance. Outcomes of interest include safety and efficacy of treatment, adverse outcomes, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with neuroendocrine or adrenal tumours. The guideline discusses the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of patients with sporadic neuroendocrine tumours, originating from organs such as the lungs, thymus, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The guideline also examines the role of the genetic syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN), in developing parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreatic tumours.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with a diagnosis, or suspected diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline examines the appropriate diagnostic tests for RCC, as well as management and follow-up strategies for those who are diagnosed. Surgical options, systemic therapy and radiotherapy are specifically discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer. Non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, metastatic (Stage IVB) urothelial bladder cancer, non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder, upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, and primary carcinomas of the urethra are all specifically discussed. The guideline provides algorithms for diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women who have been diagnosed with endometrial cancer. The guideline examines the appropriateness of various imaging techniques during the pre-treatment evaluation and follow-up of these patients. Specific situations discussed include the initial staging of endometrial cancer, the surveillance of asymptomatic patients with treated low- or intermediate-risk endometrial cancer, as well as the post-therapy evaluation of clinically suspected recurrence of known endometrial cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults who have been diagnosed with locally advanced/metastatic bladder cancer (i.e. T4bNxM0, TxN2-3M0, TxNxM1). The guideline provides recommendations for staging of these patients, as well as treatment and follow-up options based on disease stage. Treatment modalities discussed include surgery, systemic therapy, and radiotherapy. For patients with metastatic cancer, palliative approaches are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary origin (SCCUP) in the head or neck. The guideline discusses the preoperative evaluation for patients with a neck mass suspicious for malignancy, appropriate surgical diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for SCCUP, treatment considerations and appropriate techniques for surgical management of the neck, and treatment considerations for radiotherapy and systemic therapy in SCCUP. Outcomes of interest include survival, local and regional disease control, and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The guideline examines the risk factors, classification factors, diagnostic evaluation, pathologic evaluation, staging, predictive and prognostic biomarkers, treatment, and surveillance of these patients. Treatment approaches considered include surgery, radiation therapy, and combined modality therapy. The discussion on initial therapy is stratified by disease stage.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The guideline discusses diagnosis and workup, staging, and management options for these patients, and includes specific considerations for children with CML. The guideline separates treatment options based on characteristics such as genetic profile, and phase (i.e. chronic phase, accelerated phase, and blast phase). Topics discussed include toxicities and response milestones for different treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer. Non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, metastatic (Stage IVB) urothelial bladder cancer, non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder, upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, and primary carcinomas of the urethra are all specifically discussed. The guideline provides algorithms for diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult men with a suspicion or recent diagnosis of localized prostate cancer. The guideline provides recommendations for the staging, management, and follow-up of these patients. Different management options are provided for patients with low-risk, intermediate-risk, or high-risk disease, and include active surveillance, radiotherapy, and surgery.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with diagnosed or suspected advanced/metastatic prostate cancer. The guideline examines the appropriate staging, treatment and follow-up for this patient population. Management, monitoring, systemic therapy, and radiotherapy are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. The guideline examines the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up for patients with this form of cancer. Outcomes of interest include optimizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing treatment-related morbidity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with squamous cell carcinoma arising within the anal canal. The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and staging of these patients, as well as specific treatment recommendations based on disease stage. Specific topics addressed include the treatment of patients who have undergone curative therapy, those with locally recurrent cancer, and those with metastatic cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs). The guideline examines the clinical presentation, workup, primary treatment, and pathologic diagnoses of these patients. Separate recommendations are provided for different stages of pure seminomas and nonseminomas, and the guideline also discusses second-line and subsequent therapies for metastatic GCTs.

This is a clinical practice guideline for children and young adults with aggressive mature B-cell lymphomas, including Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The guideline discusses the pathology and diagnosis, staging, initial treatment, disease reassessment, surveillance, therapy for relapsed/refractory disease, and supportive care for these patients. Specific recommendations are provided based on disease type and stage.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). The guideline discusses the clinical management of patients with CHL and NLPHL, focusing on patients who do not have serious intercurrent disease. Treatment options examined include chemotherapy, high dose therapy and autologous stem cell rescue (HDT/ASCR), and involved site radiation therapy (ISRT).

This clinical practice guideline discusses pandemic planning for patients with cancer. The guideline examines a systematic approach for prioritizing consultations and treatment of patients with cancer in Ontario during a pandemic, and is intended to augment other provincial and local strategies by providing clinical guidance. Specific programs addressed within the guideline include cancer screening programs, familial oncology clinics, palliative care programs, radiation treatment programs, surgical oncology programs, and systemic treatment programs.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with suspected or confirmed myelofibrosis (MF). The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and management of these patients, with specific recommendations for those with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) as well as those with MF secondary to polycythemia vera (PV) or essential thrombocytosis (ET). The role of bone marrow and genetic investigations during diagnosis are addressed, as are various systemic drug therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with specific recommendations for patients with very early stage, early stage, intermediate stage, advanced stage, and terminal stage HCC. The guideline examines the diagnostic work-up, management, and follow-up of these patients. For each HCC stage, the patient requirements, tumour requirements, goals of treatment, and specific management options are discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with Merkel cell carcinoma. The guideline examines the staging and work-up, treatment, follow-up, and management of recurrence in these patients. Treatment options discussed include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Clinical scenarios including clinical node-negative, clinical node-positive, and metastatic are considered, as is sentinel lymph node biopsy protocol.

This is a clinical practice guideline for pediatric and adult patients with primary lung cancer. The guideline provides recommendations regarding various radiological procedures used in initial clinical staging of non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. The appropriateness of procedures indicated in specific clinical scenarios (measured by validity, reliability/reproducibility, clinical applicability, relative radiation levels, etc.) is examined.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients who are at an increased risk of developing gastric adenocarcinoma, specifically those with gastric atrophy (GA), gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM), gastric epithelial dysplasia or early gastric adenocarcinoma limited to the mucosal or superficial submucosal layers. The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and management of these patients, while addressing specific topics such as Helicobacter pylori eradication, endoscopic screening, and endoscopic mucosal resection.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-small cell or small cell lung cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis, management, follow-up, and palliative care for these patients. Outcomes of interest include length of stay in hospital and intensive care units, quality of life, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma. The guideline discusses the clinical presentation and workup, pathology, staging, and treatment of these patients. Treatment options are specifically addressed for stage I-III and distant metastatic (stage IV) small bowel adenocarcinomas. Risk factors, post-treatment surveillance and survivorship are also examined.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with gastric cancer. The guideline examines the pathology, initial workup, staging, treatment, follow-up, and supportive care of these patients. Treatment options discussed include lymph node dissection, laparoscopic resection, endoscopy, radiation therapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy (preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative), and targeted therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer. Non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, metastatic (Stage IVB) urothelial bladder cancer, non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder, upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, and primary carcinomas of the urethra are all specifically discussed. The guideline provides algorithms for diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up.

This clinical practice guideline is for the management of squamous cell anal carcinoma. The guideline provides recommendations on staging, treatment, and follow-up. The effectiveness of treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are compared. Guidance is also provided on dosing regimens, treatment of recurrence, and surveillance following treatment of recurrence.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with suspected or confirmed colorectal carcinoma. Recommendations are provided for the diagnosis and treatment of these patients. Specific topics addressed include preoperative local staging, local ablation methods, and the diagnosis of distant metastases.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with primary urethral carcinoma. The guideline discusses, diagnostic evaluation and staging, prognosis, treatment, and follow-up. Specific diagnostic techniques examined include pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) of the thorax and abdomen, urethrocystoscopy, biopsy, and urinary cytology. Treatment options are compared to those for penile cancer, and include distal urethrectomy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with lung cancer. Key areas discussed include screening and early detection, diagnostic procedures for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), staging, and management strategies. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with vulvar cancer. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Stages of vulvar cancer addressed include microinvasive (stage IA), early stage (> stage IA), and advanced stage (≥ stage 3). Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with gynecological sarcomas. The guideline examines the staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Surgical and adjuvant treatment options are discussed, as is the management of metastatic and recurrent disease. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with neuroendocrine tumours. The guideline examines diagnosis using histological markers and imaging, management of tumours through appropriate treatment strategies, and appropriate time periods for follow-up. Recommendations are presented for both non-pancreatic and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adolescent, young adult (AYA), and adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The guideline reviews the classification of ALL subtypes based on immunophenotype and cytogenetic/molecular markers, and provides recommendations on risk assessment and stratification for risk-adapted therapy, as well as treatment strategies for Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive and Ph-negative ALL. The guideline also provides recommendations for supportive care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with neuroendocrine or adrenal tumours. The guideline discusses the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of patients with sporadic neuroendocrine tumours, originating from organs such as the lungs, thymus, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The guideline also examines the role of the genetic syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN), in developing parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreatic tumours.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs). The guideline examines the clinical presentation, workup, primary treatment, and pathologic diagnoses of these patients. Separate recommendations are provided for different stages of pure seminomas and nonseminomas, and the guideline also discusses second-line and subsequent therapies for metastatic GCTs.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with newly diagnosed stage I, II, and III breast cancer who have no symptoms of distant metastasis. The guideline examines the use of imaging tests to detect distant metastases in these patients. Anatomic imaging modalities (e.g. chest x-ray, liver ultrasound, chest-abdomen-pelvis CT scan) and metabolic imaging modalities (e.g. PET/CT, PET/MR, bone scintigraphy) are specifically discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of colon cancer. Recommendations are made for diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, surveillance, and management of recurrence. Principles for the management of metastatic disease are also provided.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with suspected or confirmed seminoma (clinical stages I, IIA, and IIB) or nonseminomatous germ cell tumours (NSGCTs). The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis, staging, treatment selection, and post-treatment surveillance of theses patients. The guideline's primary objective is to limit the burden of therapy and treatment-related toxicity without compromising cancer control. Specific outcomes of interest include treatment-related toxicity, disease recurrence, and survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The guideline examines the clinical management options for these patients, which include surgery, radiation therapy (RT), and chemotherapy. The potential for multimodal therapy is also addressed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging and classification, prediction of disease recurrence and progression, management, and follow-up of these patients. Specific management topics discussed include adjuvant treatment, treatment for failure of intravesical therapy, and radical cystectomy. Counselling of smoking cessation is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-melanoma skin cancer. The guideline discusses prevention, staging, treatment, and follow-up for these patients. Specific diseases discussed include basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, keratoacanthomas, Merkel cell tumours, Kaposi's sarcoma, extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD), and other non-melanoma skin cancers. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This clinical practice guideline for patients with suspected or confirmed non-epithelial ovarian cancer. The guideline discusses the prevention, diagnosis, staging, management, and follow-up of these patients. Specific conditions discussed include sex cord stromal tumours (SCSTs), and germ cell tumours (GCTs). Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who are at risk for developing, or who have been diagnosed with, colon cancer. The guideline examines the screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of this patient population. Treatment options are presented based on the stage of cancer, and include surgical options, surveillance, and much more. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who are being treated in a pediatric oncology setting; the guideline focuses on children, however, recommendations may apply to those up to 30 years of age. Recommendations are provided for the diagnosis, workup, treatment, and supportive care of these patients. Specific topics addressed include risk stratification, treatment in vulnerable populations, as well as the evaluation and treatment of extramedullary disease.

A clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis, workup, treatment and surveillance of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) in pediatric and adult patients. The guideline focuses on the most common B-cell lymphomas: follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), nodal MZL, splenic MZL, gastric MALT lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), AIDS-related B-cell lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and Castleman's disease. Additional consideration is paid to the classification systems used in NHL, the role of PET scans in assessment and staging, principles of radiation therapy, and supportive care considerations.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cancer of the uterine cervix, including those with squamous cell carcinomas, adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas. The guideline examines screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Specific topics discussed include investigations of abnormal pap smears, investigations for staging, estrogen replacement therapy, and much more. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a guideline for the prevention, screening/early detection, diagnosis, staging, and management of breast cancer. Management options for early invasive breast cancer, stage I or II tumours, locally advanced breast cancer, inflammatory breast cancer, locoregional recurrence, metastatic breast cancer and special circumstances in breast cancer patients are discussed. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with oropharyngeal cancer. The guideline discusses the diagnostic investigations and baseline assessments that should be used for patients with suspected or confirmed oropharyngeal cancer, as well as treatment options for early (stage I and II), locally advanced (stage III and IV), metastatic, and recurrent oropharyngeal cancer. Post-treatment rehabilitation and follow-up strategies are also examined.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), including those with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The guideline examines the initial evaluation of AML, risk stratification based on cytogenetics and molecular markers, management options, as well as supportive care. Management strategies are separated based on whether patients are above or below sixty years of age.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with multiple myeloma. The guideline provides recommendations for the treatment of both newly diagnosed and relapsed patients. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, progression-free survival, response rate, and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for pediatric and adolescent patients with ovarian masses. The guideline provides recommendations for the preoperative evaluation and operational management of these patients. Patients with benign-appearing ovarian lesions who are candidates for ovarian preservation, situations in which formal staging procedures or more extensive resections are warranted, and the safety of ovarian preservation in the setting of suspected malignant disease are specifically discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or small lymphocytic lymphoma. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Prognosis and treatment algorithms are presented based on patient characteristics such as age, and genetic profile.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with central nervous system cancers. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Surgical options, adjuvant therapy, and postoperative staging are specifically considered.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with lymphoma, including Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). The guideline provides recommendations for staging and re-staging, treatment, as well as follow-up. Outcomes of interest include disease progression, treatment toxicity, quality of life, progression-free survival, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis, staging, treatment, follow-up, and supportive care. Patients with newly diagnosed, relapsed, or refractory CLL are all addressed. Outcomes of interest include treatment toxicity, quality of life, progression-free survival, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with small cell lung cancer. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, prognostic factors, treatment, and surveillance of these patients. Treatment options discussed include systemic therapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection. Systemic therapy is further examined in elderly patients, and as a second-line (and beyond) treatment. Radiotherapy treatments considered include thoracic radiotherapy, prophylactic cranial irradiation, and palliative radiotherapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for hepatobiliary cancers. The guideline examines the clinical management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gallbladder cancer, as well as intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Risk factors, diagnosis, staging and prognosis, and treatment are discussed for the different conditions.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines various treatment options including active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, other local therapies, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. It also discusses risk stratification, imaging, and estimates of life expectancy. Recommendations are provided for the initial diagnosis, clinical assessment, and staging evaluation, as well as for treatment, which are based on both the level of risk, and specific disease present.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with head and neck cancers. The guideline examines workup and staging, treatment, and follow-up for various head and neck cancers including cancer of the lip, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, and larynx, as well as paranasal tumours, very advanced head and neck cancers, occult primary cancer, salivary gland tumours, and mucosal melanoma of the head and neck. Nutrition, supportive care, comorbidities, quality of life, and dental evaluation and management are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or small lymphocytic lymphoma. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Prognosis and treatment algorithms are presented based on patient characteristics such as age, and genetic profile.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with cervical cancer. The guideline examines the initial diagnosis and workup, staging, primary and adjuvant treatment, surveillance, and therapy following relapse for these patients. Treatment for metastatic disease is also discussed, as are the topics of incidental cervical cancer and the occurrence of cervical cancer in pregnant women.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Diagnostic methods compared include physical examination, laboratory testing, as well as imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The guideline also examines nephron-sparing surgery, radical nephrectomy, surveillance, ablative therapies, and adjuvant therapy, as potential treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with upper urinary tract urothelial cell carcinoma. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging and classification systems, prognosis, management, and follow-up of these patients. Management options discussed include kidney-sparing surgery, radical nephroureterectomy, perioperative chemotherapy as an adjunct to radical nephroureterectomy, adjuvant radiotherapy after radical nephroureterectomy, adjuvant bladder instillation, metastasectomy, and systemic treatments.

This is a clinical practice guideline for physicians who work on the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer in the ambulatory and inpatient sector. The guideline provides recommendations for prevention, screening in asymptomatic populations as well as high risk populations, the role of endoscopy in the diagnosis of polyps and colorectal cancer, pre-operative diagnostics and surgery, adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy, management of patients with metastases, palliative care and follow-up care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma. The guideline examines the staging, therapy, response assessment, relapse or refractory disease, and follow-up of these patients. The effect of chemotherapy on fertility and pregnancy is discussed, as well as thrombotic complications of superior vena cava obstruction (SVCO).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have been diagnosed with melanoma, and those who are at high risk for melanoma. The guideline provides recommendations on prevention, screening of high risk individuals, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up. Treatment strategies explored include surgery, radiation therapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy, and recommendations are separated based on disease type. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a guideline for the prevention, screening/early detection, diagnosis, staging, and management of endometrial cancer. Management options examined include surgery, adjuvant therapy (e.g. pelvic radiotherapy, chemotherapy), and estrogen replacement therapy. Recommendations for follow-up are presented based on the type of treatment chosen. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for the management of gastric cancer across most components of the cancer care continuum. Topics of discussion include risk factors for stomach cancer, indicated diagnostic tests, staging criteria, recommended treatment options for each stage (including palliative radiation therapy and chemotherapy), and recommended surveillance methods for follow-up. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who are at risk for developing, or who have been diagnosed with, rectal cancer. The guideline examines the screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of this patient population. Treatment options are presented based on the stage of cancer, and include surgical options, surveillance, and much more. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with head and neck cancer. The guideline examines the initial assessment and diagnostic workup of these patients, including imaging tools and diagnostic biopsy. Occult primary is also considered.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with cholangiocarcinoma or gallbladder cancer. The guideline discusses the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of these patients, with the overall goals of rendering patients free of disease, delaying or preventing recurrence, and/or improving survival. Different recommendations are provided for patients with proximal cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder carcinoma, as well as distal cholangiocarcinoma.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with endometrial carcinoma (EC). The guideline provides recommendations on the use of biomarkers to assess prognosis and predict response to therapy, and to identify patients carrying germline mutations associated with an increased risk of EC. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), ploidy analysis, and microsatellite instability (MSI) are specifically discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN). Diagnostic elements discussed include clinical evaluation with associated digital rectal examination (DARE), as well as brushing and viral typing, anoscopy, and biopsy. For the treatment of AIN, the guideline examines topical treatments such as imiquimod, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cidofovir and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), as well as ablative methods, including electrocautery, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), CO2 laser therapy, infrared coagulation (IRC), photodynamic therapy and surgery. The primary outcome of interest is the prevention of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have been diagnosed with or who are at high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The guideline provides recommendation for the primary, secondary, or tertiary prevention of HCC, the surveillance of patients who are at high risk for developing HCC, the diagnosis and staging of HCC, as well as the treatment and follow-up of patients with HCC. Surgery and radiation therapy are the primary treatment modalities discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with suspected or confirmed Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). The guideline discusses the main techniques used for initial diagnosis and staging of MCC, as well as treatment options available for localized MCC. Specific topics addressed include the appropriateness of the AEIOU acronym (Asymptomatic, Expanding Rapidly, Immune suppression, Older than 50 years, UV-exposed site) for diagnosis, and the use of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy during treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with suspected or confirmed esophageal cancer. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of these patients, and includes a discussion of multiple treatment modalities. Outcomes of interest include morbidity, local recurrence, and survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with curatively treated stage I-III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or small cell lung cancer (SCLC). The guideline examines radiographic imaging and biomarker surveillance strategies for these patients. The frequency of surveillance imaging, optimal imaging modalities, patient factors that would preclude surveillance, the role of circulating biomarkers in surveillance, and the appropriateness of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for NSCLC and SCLC are all specifically discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the use of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Pre-biopsy procedures, post-biopsy complications, and techniques used during biopsy are all addressed. Outcomes of interest include patient safety, dignity, and comfort.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, follow-up, supportive care, and palliative care for these patients. Treatment methods discussed include chemotherapy, surgical management and radiotherapy. Cystectomy pathology, as well as unresectable and oligometastatic disease are also addressed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. The guideline specifically examines the diagnosis, risk-stratification, treatment, and supportive care for patients with polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and myelofibrosis (MF). Risk-stratified treatment algorithms are provided for each disorder.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who may be at high-risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer due to genetic/familial predispositions. The guideline provides recommendations on genetic risk assessment and genetic counseling, and specifically discusses the management of individuals with hereditary breast or breast/ovarian syndromes, including BRCA-related breast/ovarian cancer syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, and Cowden syndrome.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. The guideline examines the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up for patients with this form of cancer. Outcomes of interest include optimizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing treatment-related morbidity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The guideline examines the risk factors, classification factors, diagnostic evaluation, pathologic evaluation, staging, predictive and prognostic biomarkers, treatment, and surveillance of lung cancer. Treatment approaches considered include surgery, radiation therapy, and combined modality therapy. The discussion on initial therapy is stratified by disease stage.

A clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis, workup, treatment and surveillance of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) in pediatric and adult patients. The guideline focuses on the most common B-cell lymphomas: follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), nodal MZL, splenic MZL, gastric MALT lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), AIDS-related B-cell lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and Castleman's disease. Additional consideration is paid to the classification systems used in NHL, the role of PET scans in assessment and staging, principles of radiation therapy, and supportive care considerations.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). The guideline discusses the clinical management of patients with CHL and NLPHL, focusing on patients who do not have serious intercurrent disease. Treatment options examined include chemotherapy, high dose therapy and autologous stem cell rescue (HDT/ASCR), and involved site radiation therapy (ISRT).

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with esophageal or esophagogastric junction cancer. The guideline examines the initial workup, histological staging, primary treatment, and follow-up of both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Treatment modalities discussed include surgery, radiation therapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular cancer. The guideline examines the staging and classification, diagnosis, prognosis, management, and follow-up of these patients. Treatment methods for stage 1 germ cell tumours and metastatic germ cell tumours, the impact of treatment on fertility, as well as restaging and further treatment, are specifically discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. The guideline examines recommendations for diagnostic evaluation and disease management, guidance for assessing comorbidities, and options for follow-up based on site of recurrence and level of evidence. Outcomes of interest are overall survival, mortality and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines the diagnostic evaluation, classification and staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Treatment for metastatic prostate cancer and castration-resistant prostate cancer are specifically discussed, as is the management of prostate-specific antigen-only recurrence after treatment with curative intent.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the work-up of suspicious colorectal masses following screening, as well as for the treatment of patients with diagnosed colorectal cancer. Treatment options discussed include surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, and adjuvant radiotherapy. Recommendations are separated based on location and stage of disease, with the guideline specifically addressing localized rectal cancer, localized colon cancer, locally advanced unresectable colorectal cancer, up-front resectable metastatic colorectal cancer, and more.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with sarcoma or connective tissue tumours, including bone tumours. The guideline provides recommendations addressing prevention, diagnosis, staging, management, and follow-up. Diagnostic pathology, as well as treatment through chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are specifically discussed. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This clinical practice guideline is focused on the prevention, classification, diagnosis, staging, and management of ovarian epithelial carcinoma. Management options considered include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy (for palliation), and approaches for fertility management. This guideline also discusses hereditary cancer syndromes, tumours of low malignant potential, estrogen replacement therapy, management of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), and follow-up of patients after treatment. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cancer of the fallopian tubes. The guideline examines the staging of these patients, and includes classification criteria and a staging diagram. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

A clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis, workup, and treatment of patients who have been diagnosed with or are suspected of having primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (PCBCLs). The guideline focuses on the three main types of PCBCLs: primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL), primary cutaneous follicle-center lymphoma (PCFCL), and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL, leg type). Recommendations for treatment are provided based on lymphoma type and whether treatment is for initial, relapsed, or refractory disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for hepatobiliary cancers. The guideline examines the clinical management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gallbladder cancer, as well as intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Risk factors, diagnosis, staging and prognosis, and treatment are discussed for the different conditions.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with cervical cancer. The guideline examines the initial diagnosis and workup, staging, primary and adjuvant treatment, surveillance, and therapy following relapse for these patients. Treatment for metastatic disease is also discussed, as are the topics of incidental cervical cancer and the occurrence of cervical cancer in pregnant women.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The guideline examines risk factors and genetic predisposition, pancreatic cancer screening, diagnosis and staging, systemic therapy approaches, radiation and chemoradiation approaches, surveillance of patients with resected disease, as well as palliative and supportive care. Management of metastatic disease, locally advanced disease, resectable and borderline resectable disease, and recurrent disease after resection is also considered.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The guideline discusses diagnostic classification, evaluation, prognostic stratification, therapeutic options, and recommended treatment approaches for MDS. There is a particular focus on supportive care, and the guideline also provides recommendations for the management of thrombocytopenia and iron overload, the treatment of related anemia, the use of low-intensity therapy (i.e. hypomethylating agents or biologic response modifiers and immunosuppressive therapy), and high-intensity therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). The guideline discusses the clinical management of patients with CHL and NLPHL, focusing on patients who do not have serious intercurrent disease. Treatment options examined include chemotherapy, high dose therapy and autologous stem cell rescue (HDT/ASCR), and involved site radiation therapy (ISRT).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with head and neck cancers. The guideline examines workup and staging, treatment, and follow-up for various head and neck cancers including cancer of the lip, oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, nasopharynx, and larynx, as well as paranasal tumours, very advanced head and neck cancers, occult primary cancer, salivary gland tumours, and mucosal melanoma of the head and neck. Nutrition, supportive care, comorbidities, quality of life, and dental evaluation and management are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or small lymphocytic lymphoma. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Prognosis and treatment algorithms are presented based on patient characteristics such as age, and genetic profile.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer. Non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, metastatic (Stage IVB) urothelial bladder cancer, non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder, upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, and primary carcinomas of the urethra are all specifically discussed. The guideline provides algorithms for diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up.

This is a clinical practice guideline that aims to support clinicians in the evaluation of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (GEP-NET) progression and treatment response. Topics of discussion include morphological imaging, molecular imaging, and pseudoprogression. Recommendations are provided pertaining to the imaging tools and optimal techniques that should used for monitoring patients and evaluating treatment response. Recommendations are also provided for the surveillance of patients with metastatic GEP-NETs, including the appropriate frequency of follow-up.

This clinical practice guideline is an endorsement of the College of American Pathologists' 2018 guideline titled Human Papillomavirus Testing in Head and Neck Carcinomas. The guideline examines the optimal way to test, apply, interpret, and report HPV and surrogate marker tests in head and neck carcinomas. Specific types of cancer discussed include oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), oropharyngeal non-squamous cell carcinoma, and cervical nodal metastatic carcinomas of unknown primary site.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE), which is the only identifiable premalignant condition for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The guideline examines endoscopic eradication therapy (EET) and its role in the management of BE-related neoplasia. Outcomes of interest include progression to cancer, cancer-specific and all-cause mortality, adverse events, and recurrence rates.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The guideline examines the screening, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of these patients, with recommendations separated based on extent of disease (i.e. operable PDAC, locally advanced PDAC, or metastatic PDAC). Diagnostic methods examined include imaging and the use of serum tumour markers such as carbohydrate 19-9 antigen (CA19-9), and various treatment options are also discussed, including surgery and chemotherapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with lymphoma, including Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), other aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), small lymphocytic leukemia (SLL)/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM), marginal zone lymphoma, and cutaneous lymphoma. The guideline examine the use of positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), for staging purposes and for assessing treatment response.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cervical cancer. The guideline examines the staging, management, and follow-up of these patients. Specific management recommendations are made for stage T1a, T1b1/T2a1 cancer, clinically occult cervical cancer diagnosed after simple hysterectomy, early and locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC), primary distant metastatic disease, cervical cancer in pregnancy (CCIP), and recurrent disease. The use of fertility sparing treatment (FST) is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have or are suspected of having primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNSL) located in the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, eyes or meninges. Specific topics discussed include diagnosis and imaging, treatment of primary CNS lymphoma, remission induction, consolidation treatment, follow-up, relapsed and refractory PCNSL, and neuropsychological assessments.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult and pediatric patients with suspected or diagnosed well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). The guideline discusses the clinical utility of Gallium-68 positron emission tomography (PET) compared with PET / computed tomography imaging for the initial diagnosis, staging, re-staging, response evaluation, and routine surveillance of patients with NETs.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adolescents and young adults with cancer. The guideline discusses risk factors, screening, diagnosis, management, follow-up, supportive care, and palliative care for patients between 15 and 39 years of age. Unique issues discussed include adherence to treatment, the impact of cancer and its treatment on fertility, management of cancer during pregnancy, relationship management, and socioeconomic issues.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The guideline examines the risk factors, classification factors, diagnostic evaluation, pathologic evaluation, staging, predictive and prognostic biomarkers, treatment, and surveillance of lung cancer. Treatment approaches considered include surgery, radiation therapy, and combined modality therapy. The discussion on initial therapy is stratified by disease stage.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of colon cancer. Recommendations are made for diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, surveillance, and management of recurrence. Principles for the management of metastatic disease are also provided.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma. The guideline examines diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up, while also providing recommendations on HIV screening and HIV therapy during cancer treatment. Antiretroviral therapy (ART), topical therapies, intralesional chemotherapy, local incisions, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy are all discussed as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with multifocal recurrent or metastatic retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS). The guideline provides recommendations on patient assessment, diagnostic processes, local and systemic treatments, as well as palliation. Specific subtypes of RPS discussed include well-differentiated/de-differentiated liposarcoma (WD/DD LPS), leiomyosarcoma (LMS), solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs), malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNSTs), synovial sarcoma (SS), and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS).

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The guideline examines appropriate invasive mediastinal staging of NSCLC stratified by normal sized mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs) and enlarged discrete MLNs. Outcomes of interest include sensitivity, specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) in adult patients. The guideline pertains to the following five subtypes of STS: (1) STS of extremity, superficial/trunk, or head and neck, (2) retroperitoneal or intra-abdominal STS, (3) gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs), (4) desmoid tumours, and (5) rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). The guideline provides recommendations for diagnosis, staging, treatment, palliative care, and surveillance. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are all examined as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The guideline discusses the surgical management of these patients, and specifically examines the institutions and surgeons that should be performing surgery, imaging tools appropriate for use prior to surgery, approaches to patient selection, objectives of surgery, and quality assessment criteria. Major technical issues of surgery, genetic counselling, the role of surgery in EOC recurrence, indications for palliative surgery, and the role of adjuvant chemotherapy are also addressed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with squamous cell cancers (SCC) of the anal canal and perianal region. The guideline specifically examines management options for premalignant and malignant squamous neoplasms of the anus and perianal region. Recommendations are provided regarding screening options, primary treatment, and surveillance for SCC and perianal squamous cell cancers.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The guideline provides recommendations on the investigation of suspected MPM, and the subsequent care and management of individuals with proven MPM. Topics of interest include the preferred investigation pathway of suspected cases of MPM, biomarkers, and the role of different treatments including chemotherapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of early and locally advanced breast cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on referral, diagnosis, preoperative assessment, genetic testing, surgical procedures, breast reconstruction, psychological support, and adjuvant therapies such as endocrine therapy and bisphosphonate therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The guideline examines the diagnostic and staging criteria, treatment strategies, and follow-up and supportive care practices for these patients. First and second line treatment options are discussed for newly diagnosed, relapsed, and refractory disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The guideline examines the diagnostic criteria and prognostic markers of acute myeloid leukemias. Different management options for acute myeloid leukemia are discussed, including chemotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and palliation.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have been diagnosed with or are suspected of having advanced/metastatic prostate cancer. The guideline provides guidance on the staging, treatment, and follow up procedures for these patients. Topics of interest include radiotherapy techniques, the use of bone scans to assist in staging, and follow-up using active surveillance within a cancer clinic.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with diagnosed or suspected thyroid carcinoma. The guideline discusses the initial workup, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow up of patients with differentiated, papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, as well as Hürthle cell carcinoma. Surgery, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy are discussed as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with small cell lung cancer. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, prognostic factors, treatment, and surveillance of these patients. Treatment options discussed include systemic therapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection. Systemic therapy is further examined in elderly patients, and as a second-line (and beyond) treatment. Radiotherapy treatments considered include thoracic radiotherapy, prophylactic cranial irradiation, and palliative radiotherapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. The guideline examines the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up for patients with this form of cancer. Outcomes of interest include optimizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing treatment-related morbidity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with ovarian cancer, fallopian tube cancer, or primary peritoneal cancer. Recommendations are provided for screening, staging, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Treatment options discussed include debulking surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Management of drug reactions is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with T-cell lymphoma. The guideline examines the diagnostic workup, staging, treatment, follow-up, and supportive care for the most common subtypes of T-cell lymphoma. These subtypes include peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs), breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL), mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS), primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (TGLL), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (TPLL), and extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas (ENKL), nasal type.

A clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis, workup, treatment and surveillance of B-cell lymphoma (BCL) in pediatric and adult patients. The guideline focuses on the most common B-cell lymphomas: follicular lymphoma (FL), marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), nodal MZL, splenic MZL, gastric MALT lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), Burkitt lymphoma (BL), AIDS-related B-cell lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and Castleman's disease. Additional consideration is paid to the classification systems used in NHL, the role of PET scans in assessment and staging, principles of radiation therapy, and supportive care considerations.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of colon cancer. Recommendations are made for diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, surveillance, and management of recurrence. Principles for the management of metastatic disease are also provided.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with breast cancer. The guideline examines staging, pathology assessment, and treatment approaches for pure noninvasive carcinomas, stage I, IIA, IIB, IIIA, or III invasive breast cancer, and stage IV metastatic or recurrent breast cancer. Special situations considered include Paget's disease, phyllodes tumours of the breast, breast cancer during pregnancy, inflammatory breast cancer, and axillary breast cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with primary bone cancer. The guideline examines systemic therapy agents and radiation therapy for chordoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and giant-cell tumours of bone (GCTB). The guideline also discusses the management of relapsed disease.

This clinical practice guideline is for the management of squamous cell anal carcinoma. The guideline provides recommendations on staging, treatment, and follow-up. The effectiveness of treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are compared. Guidance is also provided on dosing regimens, treatment of recurrence, and surveillance following treatment of recurrence.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adolescent, young adult (AYA), and adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The guideline reviews the classification of ALL subtypes based on immunophenotype and cytogenetic/molecular markers, and provides recommendations on risk assessment and stratification for risk-adapted therapy, as well as treatment strategies for Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)-positive and Ph-negative ALL. The guideline also provides recommendations for supportive care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients who have been diagnosed with or are suspected of having lymphoma. The guideline discusses Hodgkin lymphoma, as well as the most common non-Hodgkin lymphomas (T-cell and B-cell). Recommendations are provided on diagnosis, staging, treatment, management, and follow up care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with diagnosed or suspected thyroid carcinoma. The guideline discusses the initial workup, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow up of patients with differentiated, papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, as well as Hurthle cell carcinoma. Surgery, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy are discussed as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) in adult patients. The guideline pertains to the following five subtypes of STS: (1) STS of extremity, superficial/trunk, or head and neck, (2) retroperitoneal or intra-abdominal STS, (3) gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs), (4) desmoid tumours, and (5) rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). The guideline provides recommendations for diagnosis, staging, treatment, palliative care, and surveillance. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are all examined as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. The guideline examines the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up for patients with this form of cancer. Outcomes of interest include optimizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing treatment-related morbidity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline specifically examines the initial evaluation, staging, diagnosis, clinical management options, and follow-up of patients with clear cell carcinoma and non-clear cell carcinoma. Pharmacologic agents discussed include pazopanib, sunitinib, and nivolumab.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), including those with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The guideline examines the initial evaluation of AML, risk stratification based on cytogenetics and molecular markers, management options, as well as supportive care. Management strategies are separated based on whether patients are above or below sixty years of age.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have been diagnosed with or are suspected of having malignant pleural mesothelioma. Recommendations are provided on diagnosis, staging, chemotherapy, surgical cytoreduction, radiation therapy, and multimodal therapy. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, progression-free survival, response rate, toxicity, quality of life (QoL), surgical complications, and diagnostic accuracy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with newly-diagnosed or recurrent oesophago-gastric cancer. The guideline discusses clinical assessment, radical and palliative treatment, follow-up, nutritional support, and service organization. The primary outcomes of interest are increases in quality of life and survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with small cell lung cancer. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, prognostic factors, treatment, and surveillance of these patients. Treatment options discussed include systemic therapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection. Systemic therapy is further examined in elderly patients, and as a second-line (and beyond) treatment. Radiotherapy treatments considered include thoracic radiotherapy, prophylactic cranial irradiation, and palliative radiotherapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines various treatment options including active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, other local therapies, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. It also discusses risk stratification, imaging, and estimates of life expectancy. Recommendations are provided for the initial diagnosis, clinical assessment, and staging evaluation, as well as for treatment, which are based on both the level of risk, and specific disease present.

This is a clinical practice guideline for hepatobiliary cancers. The guideline examines the clinical management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gallbladder cancer, as well as intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Risk factors, diagnosis, staging and prognosis, and treatment are discussed for the different conditions.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with epithelial ovarian cancers, specifically focusing on patients with type-2 ovarian cancers. The guideline examines diagnostic imaging methods, used for both staging and evaluating potential recurrence. Imaging modalities discussed include x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and computed tomography (CT).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with T-cell lymphoma. The guideline examines the diagnostic workup, staging, treatment, follow-up, and supportive care for the most common subtypes of T-cell lymphoma. These subtypes include peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs), breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL), mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome (SS), primary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (TGLL), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (TPLL), and extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas (ENKL), nasal type.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with vulvar cancer, and particularly those with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the vulva. The guideline examines diagnosis and workup, as well as primary treatment, adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and surveillance of these patients. Treatment options are discussed for early-stage disease, locally advanced disease, and metastases beyond the pelvis.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM). The guideline provides recommendations on the diagnostic criteria for variants of SM, as well as for treatment and follow-up. Specific variants discussed include indolent SM, smoldering SM, aggressive SM, and SM with an associated hematological neoplasm.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. The guideline specifically examines the diagnosis, risk-stratification, treatment, and supportive care for patients with polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and myelofibrosis (MF). Risk-stratified treatment algorithms are provided for each disorder.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The guideline discusses diagnostic classification, evaluation, prognostic stratification, therapeutic options, and recommended treatment approaches for MDS. There is a particular focus on supportive care, and the guideline also provides recommendations for the management of thrombocytopenia and iron overload, the treatment of related anemia, the use of low-intensity therapy (i.e. hypomethylating agents or biologic response modifiers and immunosuppressive therapy), and high-intensity therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of rectal cancer. The guideline provides recommendations regarding diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, and patient surveillance. Outcomes of interest include safety and efficacy of treatment, adverse outcomes, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer. Non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, metastatic (Stage IVB) urothelial bladder cancer, non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder, upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, and primary carcinomas of the urethra are all specifically discussed. The guideline provides algorithms for diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on the use of Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for adult patients diagnosed with skin cancer. MMS is compared to other surgical excision techniques, as well as other treatment modalities such as radiation. Guidance is provided on the indications and considerations for appropriate use of MMS, including disease stage, aesthetic outcomes, patient comorbidities, and patient preferences. Outcomes of interest include cure rate, recurrence rate, quality of life, and adverse events.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult men with a suspicion or recent diagnosis of localized prostate cancer. The guideline examines staging, treatment options, and follow-up for these patients. Management is discussed for low, intermediate, and high-risk disease. Treatment options considered include variations of radical prostatectomy, brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, cryosurgery, and active surveillance.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The guideline compares variations of imaging modalities for staging MIBC, such as x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and computed tomography (CT). Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and adverse health effects.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs). The guideline examines the clinical presentation, workup, primary treatment, and pathologic diagnoses of these patients. Separate recommendations are provided for different stages of pure seminomas and nonseminomas, and the guideline also discusses second-line and subsequent therapies for metastatic GCTs.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The guideline examines the risk factors, classification factors, diagnostic evaluation, pathologic evaluation, staging, predictive and prognostic biomarkers, treatment, and surveillance of lung cancer. Treatment approaches considered include surgery, radiation therapy, and combined modality therapy. The discussion on initial therapy is stratified by disease stage.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The guideline discusses diagnosis and workup, staging, and management options for these patients, and includes specific considerations for children with CML. The guideline separates treatment options based on characteristics such as genetic profile, and phase (i.e. chronic phase, accelerated phase, and blast phase). Topics discussed include toxicities and response milestones for different treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who may be at high-risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer due to genetic/familial predispositions. The guideline provides recommendations on genetic risk assessment and genetic counseling, and specifically discusses the management of individuals with hereditary breast or breast/ovarian syndromes, including BRCA-related breast/ovarian cancer syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, and Cowden syndrome.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines various treatment options including active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, other local therapies, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. It also discusses risk stratification, imaging, and estimates of life expectancy. Recommendations are provided for the initial diagnosis, clinical assessment, and staging evaluation, as well as for treatment, which are based on both the level of risk, and specific disease present.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The guideline examines risk factors and genetic predisposition, pancreatic cancer screening, diagnosis and staging, systemic therapy approaches, radiation and chemoradiation approaches, surveillance of patients with resected disease, as well as palliative and supportive care. Management of metastatic disease, locally advanced disease, resectable and borderline resectable disease, and recurrent disease after resection is also considered.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with Merkel cell carcinoma. The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis, workup, staging, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, follow-up, and recurrence. Specific recommendations are provided for the postoperative management of primary tumours, management of the draining nodal basin, and treatment of distant metastatic disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, or small lymphocytic lymphoma. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Prognosis and treatment algorithms are presented based on patient characteristics such as age, and genetic profile.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). The guideline discusses diagnosis and workup, staging, and management options for these patients, and includes specific considerations for children with CML. The guideline separates treatment options based on characteristics such as genetic profile, and phase (i.e. chronic phase, accelerated phase, and blast phase). Topics discussed include toxicities and response milestones for different treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with breast cancer. The guideline examines the staging, pathology assessment, and treatment approach for these patients. Pure non-invasive carcinomas (stage 0), stage 1, 2A, 2B or 3A (T3, N1, M0) invasive breast cancer, stage 3 invasive breast cancer, and stage 4 metastatic or recurrent breast cancer are discussed. Special situations including Paget's disease, phyllodes tumours of the breast, breast cancer during pregnancy, inflammatory breast cancer, and axillary breast cancer are also considered.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with bone cancer. The guideline focuses on chordoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and provides recommendations for treating giant cell tumour of the bone (GCTB). Workup, treatment, surveillance, and relapsed disease are discussed for each of the types of bone cancer mentioned. Staging, high-grade undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of bone, and immunotherapy for bone cancer are also considered.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with suspected pancreatic cancer, or those with newly diagnosed or recurrent pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The guideline provides recommendations for the monitoring of people with an inherited high risk of pancreatic cancer. Recommendations are also made for diagnosis, staging, psychological support, pain and nutrition management, as well as management for resectable, borderline resectable, and unresectable cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with pancreatic cystic neoplasms (PCN). The use of blood and cystic biomarkers, as well as imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging / cholangiopancreatography (MRI/MRCP), computed tomography (CT), and endoscopy guided ultrasound (EUS) are all discussed as potential diagnostic approaches. Management options are presented based on tumour-specific features such as size, as well as general clinical features like the presence of jaundice.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs). The guideline examines the clinical presentation, workup, primary treatment, and pathologic diagnoses of these patients. Separate recommendations are provided for different stages of pure seminomas and nonseminomas, and the guideline also discusses second-line and subsequent therapies for metastatic GCTs.

A clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis, work-up, and treatment of patients who have been diagnosed with or are suspected of having primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (PCBCLs). The guideline focuses on the three main types of PCBCLs: primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL), primary cutaneous follicle-center lymphoma (PCFCL), and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL, leg type). Recommendations for treatment are provided based on lymphoma type and whether treatment is for initial, relapsed, or refractory disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with neuroendocrine or adrenal tumours. The guideline discusses the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of patients with sporadic neuroendocrine tumours, originating from organs such as the lungs, thymus, and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The guideline also examines the role of the genetic syndrome, multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN), in developing parathyroid, pituitary, and pancreatic tumours.

This is a clinical practice guideline for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The guideline examines the clinical management options for these patients, which include surgery, radiation therapy (RT), and chemotherapy. The potential for multimodal therapy is also addressed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline specifically examines the initial evaluation, staging, diagnosis, clinical management options, and follow-up of patients with clear cell carcinoma and non-clear cell carcinoma. Pharmacologic agents discussed include pazopanib, sunitinib, and nivolumab.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with gastric cancer. The guideline examines the pathology, initial workup, staging, treatment, follow-up, and supportive care of these patients. Treatment options discussed include lymph node dissection, laparoscopic resection, endoscopy, radiation therapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy (preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative), and targeted therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with esophageal or esophagogastric junction cancer. The guideline examines the initial workup, histological staging, primary treatment, and follow-up of both squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Treatment modalities discussed include surgery, radiation therapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of rectal cancer. The guideline provides recommendations regarding diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, and patient surveillance. Outcomes of interest include safety and efficacy of treatment, adverse outcomes, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), including those with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The guideline examines the initial evaluation of AML, risk stratifications based on cytogenetics and molecular markers, management options, as well as supportive care. Management strategies are separated based on whether patients are above or below sixty years of age.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The guideline examines the goals of therapy, and provides recommendations for the treatment of patients with different stages of HCC, from very early stages to terminal stage. Outcomes of interest include rendering the patient free of disease, preventing recurrence, and improving quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with vulvar cancer, and particularly those with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the vulva. The guideline examines diagnosis and workup, as well as primary treatment, adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and surveillance of these patients. Treatment options are discussed for early-stage disease, locally advanced disease, and metastases beyond the pelvis.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of localized prostate cancer. The guideline provides a clinical framework stratified by cancer severity to guide the care plan and reviews management options including active surveillance, observation/watchful waiting, prostatectomy, radiotherapy, cryosurgery, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and focal therapy. Shared decision making is highlighted, and guidance is provided on outcome expectations and management.

This is a provisional clinical opinion (PCO) for chemotherapy-naive men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This PCO examines second-line hormonal therapy and provides recommendations on staging, treatment, follow-up, and palliative care for men with CRPC. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, adverse events, quality of life, and treatment efficacy (defined as response in prostate-specific antigen values).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). The guideline examines the management of patients with castration-naïve mPCa and those with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The use of predictive markers in mCRPC, sequencing treatment in mCRPC, managing men with oligometastases, as well as the staging and monitoring of mCRPC treatment, are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for fever of unknown origin (FUO) in adult neutropenic patients. The guideline updates recommendations for diagnosis and empirical therapy of these patients in light of the challenges of antimicrobial stewardship. Specific recommendations are provided for taking down patient history and performing a physical examination, ordering chest radiograph, and taking nasal/pharyngeal (MRSA) or rectal (VRE) swabs.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). The guideline provides recommendations for the evaluation and management of patients with cSCC. Topics of interest include biopsy techniques and histopathologic assessment, tumour staging, surgical and non-surgical management, follow-up and prevention of recurrence, and management of advanced disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with testicular cancer. The guideline examines the pathology of the illness, staging and classification systems, diagnostic evaluation, prognosis, disease management, and follow-up. Topics of interest include diagnostic tools, treatment with chemotherapy, and discussion of quality of life and long-term toxicities after curative treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on prevention, staging, imaging, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Treatment options such as neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and radical surgery are discussed. Other topics of interest include risk factors, comorbidities, quality of life, and pelvic organ preservation techniques.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with desmoid tumours. The guideline provides recommendations for diagnosis, staging procedures, treatment, and follow-up. Treatment options including active surveillance, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are examined. Topics of interest include desmoid tumours occurring during pregnancy, pain management, and rehabilitation.

This is a clinical practice guideline for children and adults with ependymal tumours. The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis, staging, treatment and follow-up of these patients. Radiological, histological, and molecular components of diagnostic assessment are discussed, and treatment approaches involving surgery and radiation therapy are examined.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with uterine corpus cancer. These guideline discusses screening, surgery, adjuvant treatment, and advanced and recurrent disease with respect to endometrial carcinoma and uterine sarcoma. Other topics of interest include lymphadenectomy, fertility-sparing treatment, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC), including those with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) and metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The guideline provides recommendations for the management of these patients, and specifically discusses the use of chemotherapy, management of bone metastases, management of cancer related fatigue, as well as supportive and palliative care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with colorectal cancer. The guideline examines tumour budding as a prognostic factor in these patients. The definition of tumour budding, clinical scenarios and tumour budding, H&E and immunohistochemistry for the tumour budding score, intratumoural and peritumoural budding, field number and size for the tumour budding score, cut-offs and continuous scale for the tumour budding score, and reporting tumour budding are all discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults who have been diagnosed with or are suspected of having basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The main focus of the guideline is on the most common approaches for the treatment of primary BCC, but it also includes recommendations on the treatment of recurrent tumours, appropriate biopsy techniques, staging, follow-up, and prevention of BCC.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UTUC). The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up. Prognostic factors, predictors of survival and recurrence, as well as risk stratification are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, overall survival, recurrence rates, and adverse effects.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with soft-tissue sarcoma who are being considered for chemotherapy. The guideline provides recommendations for staging procedures and classifications, as well as treatment options based on staging results and other risk factors. Treatment options including surgery, systemic therapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are discussed. Outcomes of interest include adverse events, performance status, progression-free survival, and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the assessment of patients who are at high risk for colorectal cancer due to genetic or familial factors. The guideline provides recommendations for the management of patients with high-risk syndromes, including Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS), Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome (JPS), Serrated Polyposis Syndrome (SPS), and other high-risk syndromes associated with colorectal cancer risk.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with early stage colon cancer. The guideline discusses diagnostic work-up, staging, and treatment options. Recommendations for adjuvant chemotherapy are presented, based on cancer stage.

This clinical practice guideline is an endorsement of the American Thyroid Association's 2015 guideline titled Management Guidelines for Adult Patients with Thyroid Nodules and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on management of patients thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancers. Topics include evaluation of thyroid nodules to determine the presence of malignancy, and management of differentiated thyroid cancer including surgery, radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy, hormonal therapy, external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), and systemic treatment.

This is a consensus statement providing recommendations to assist health care providers with the appropriate management of patients with biallelic mismatch repair deficiency (BMMRD) syndrome, also called constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome. The guideline outlines what is known about BMMRD, the unique genetic and clinical aspects of the disease, and reviews the current management approaches taken.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with thyroid cancer. The guideline examines the diagnosis, treatment, management, and follow-up of these patients. Topics of interest include a shift towards a standardized ultrasound/cytologic concordance system to guide investigation and management of thyroid nodules, acceptance of thyroid lobectomy as an option for many low risk thyroid cancers, acceptance of either no or lower dose radio-iodine treatment for many low risk thyroid cancers, and dynamic risk stratified follow-up for thyroid cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with epithelial ovarian-type cancers (e.g. ovary, fallopian tube or peritoneal origin) and borderline tumours. This guideline addresses epithelial cancers of varying histological subtypes. The guideline covers the full continuum of care including screening and prevention, diagnosis, treatment options such as surgery, systemic therapy and chemotherapy, follow-up, as well as management of recurrent disease. The guideline also highlights the support needs for women with ovarian cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of adult patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. The guideline provides recommendations on diagnostic work-up, staging, and treatment options based on stage of cancer. Specific topics discussed include management recommendations for unresectable adenocarcinoma, and toxicity-associated dose modification. Outcomes of interest include adverse events, overall survival, and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who may be at high-risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer due to genetic/familial predispositions. The guideline provides recommendations on genetic risk assessment and genetic counseling, and specifically discusses the management of individuals with hereditary breast or breast/ovarian syndromes, including BRCA-related breast/ovarian cancer syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, and Cowden syndrome.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with cervical cancer. The guideline examines the initial diagnosis and workup, staging, primary and adjuvant treatment, surveillance, and therapy following relapse for these patients. Treatment for metastatic disease is also discussed, as are the topics of incidental cervical cancer and the occurrence of cervical cancer in pregnant women.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma. The guideline examines diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up, while also providing recommendations on HIV screening and HIV therapy during cancer treatment. Antiretroviral therapy (ART), topical therapies, intralesional chemotherapy, local incisions, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy are all discussed as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with melanoma. The guideline examines the use of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy as a method for identifying nodal metastases, and provides recommendations on which patients should receive SLN biopsy based on the size and morphology of their melanoma. The guideline also discusses the appropriateness of completion lymph node dissection (CLND) as a method of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with Stage I to IV gastric cancer (specifically gastric adenocarcinoma) who are being considered for surgery. The guideline examines the optimal techniques to adequately stage gastric cancer, and the optimal techniques of gastric cancer surgery with curative intent. The guideline also considers indications for surgery for Stage IV gastric cancer in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients, and the relationship between surgical volumes and outcomes.

This recommendation report addresses "best practices" for prostate needle biopsies. Guidance is provided on the spectrum of prostate needle biopsy practices, including patient preparation, biopsy techniques, specimen submission to the laboratory, processing of the biopsy specimen, information to include on the requisition and pathology report, and operational issues. Facility requirements are also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with localized renal masses that are suspicious for renal cell carcinoma. The guideline discusses the evaluation, diagnosis, staging, and management of these renal masses. The management options discussed include partial nephrectomy, radical nephrectomy, thermal ablation, and active surveillance.

This is a clinical practice guideline for merkel cell carcinoma. Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare, aggressive cutaneous tumor that combines the local recurrence rates of infiltrative non-melanoma skin cancer along with the regional and distant metastatic rates of thick melanoma. This guideline provides recommendations for diagnosis and workup, staging, treatment, follow-up and recurrence. Treatment recommendations include surgery, sentinel lymph node biopsy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy as possible options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva. The guideline examines diagnosis and referral, preoperative investigations, surgical management (i.e. local treatment, groin treatment and reconstructive surgery), sentinel lymph node procedures, radiation therapy, chemoradiation, systemic treatment, treatment of recurrent disease (i.e. vulvar recurrence, groin recurrence and distant metastases), and follow-up, in addition to providing information for discussions with patients and caregivers.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with uterine cancer. The guideline provides recommendations for the screening and prevention of uterine cancer in the general population and in high risk groups, as well as for the pathological work-up, management, and follow-up of patients with uterine cancer. Specific conditions discussed include endometrioid endometrial cancer, as well as non-endometrioid cancers such as uterine serous carcinoma, uterine clear cell carcinoma, and uterine carcinosarcoma.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the role and appropriateness of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography - computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) for initial breast cancer staging and its therapeutic and prognostic impact. Recommendations are stratified by risk, and outcomes of interest include sensitivity, specificity, change in stage compared to staging done by conventional imaging, prognosis, and costs. The guideline also addresses the association of metabolic information with biology and prognosis.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cutaneous melanoma. The guideline examines the care of these patients throughout the cancer care continuum, including prevention and surveillance, diagnosis and prognosis, surgical management and staging, further investigations and non-surgical staging, adjuvant treatment of stage 2 and 3 melanoma, follow up of patients with stage 1, 2 and 3 melanoma, and management of advanced (unresectable stage 4 or 5) melanoma.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients diagnosed with colon cancer. The guideline examines the evaluation, staging, and treatment of these patients. Surgical treatment of the primary tumour is discussed, as well as treatment of tumour-related emergencies, management of stage 4 disease, management of locoregional recurrence, documentation, and adjuvant therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline examines the staging, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Management recommendations are provided for treating localized RCC, locally advanced RCC, advanced/metastatic RCC, and recurrent RCC. The epidemiology, etiology, and pathology of RCC are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Recommendations are provided for diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up. The guideline also discusses how to predict the short-term and long-term risks of disease recurrence and progression, as well as the stratification of patients into risk groups. Treatment options are presented based on these risk groups. Management of side effects is also discussed.

This recommendations report provides guidance on the investigation and management of suspected or proven pelvic and extra-pelvic gynecologic sarcomas. Recommendations are made on the use of pathology during investigation, while recommendations pertaining to treatment focus on surgery and adjuvant therapy. The guidance document also provides recommendations on a number of quality assurance measures to assess gynecologic sarcoma services.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the assessment of liver metastases. The guideline provides recommendations regarding the appropriateness of imaging modalities and the optimization of imaging parameters for specific clinical scenarios, including diagnosis, staging, and surveillance. Outcomes of interest include accuracy in characterizing and detecting liver lesions, length of examination, and potential adverse health effects, as well as surveillance sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult men with prostate cancer or clinically suspected prostate cancer. The guideline examines the various imaging modalities that can be effectively used to manage these patients, during initial diagnosis, staging, and active surveillance. Variations of imaging modalities such as transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) are discussed, and the appropriateness of different techniques is examined for different clinical situations.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults and children with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Different variations of imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound (US) are discussed. The guideline examines the appropriateness of these techniques for two clinical situations: during initial staging before treatment, and following neoadjuvant therapy to evaluate tumour resectability for borderline resectable tumours.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of non-metastatic muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer in adults. The guideline examines the initial evaluation, treatment, follow-up, and survivorship of affected patients, and discusses approaches to counseling and the role of patient preferences throughout. Specific treatment options considered include neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, radical cystectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and bladder preserving approaches such as maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumours, partial cystectomy, primary radiation therapy, and multi-modal bladder preserving therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline examines the clinical management of RCC, including diagnosis, treatment, and follow up. The primary outcomes of interest are survival, recurrence, and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with four or fewer brain metastases. The guideline examines the important prognostic factors for assessing and managing these patients, the role of surgery and radiotherapy in the management of oligometastatic disease, and the appropriate follow-up and surveillance strategy. Treatments considered include whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), both alone and in conjunction.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. The guideline specifically examines the diagnosis, risk-stratification, treatment, and supportive care for patients with polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) and myelofibrosis (MF). Risk-stratified treatment algorithms are provided for each disorder.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the empirical management of fever and neutropenia (FN) in children with cancer, and those who have received hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). The guideline examines initial presentation, ongoing management, and empirical antifungal therapy. Topics of interest include risk stratification to define patients with high-risk invasive fungal disease (IFD), recommended biomarkers and radiologic investigations for the evaluation of IFD in prolonged FN, and empirical antifungal therapy in IFD low-risk patients with prolonged FN.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with thyroid nodules. The guideline provides recommendations on molecular fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology diagnostics, and discusses topics such as the use of microarray gene expression classifier (GEC) tests, mutation panel assessments, and targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS). Outcomes of interest include reductions in diagnostic lobectomies, and improved surgical decision-making.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines the screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Treatment options considered include deferred treatment, radical prostatectomy, definitive radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy. Management of metastatic prostate cancer, prostate cancer in older men, prostate-specific antigen-only recurrence after treatment, and castration-resistant prostate cancer are also discussed, as well as the epidemiology and etiology of prostate cancer, and quality of life outcomes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with primary urethral carcinoma (UC). The guideline provides recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of UC. Staging and classification systems for UC are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include detection rate, overall survival, complications, and toxicity.

A clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis, staging, treatment and management of adult patients who are suspected of having, or have been diagnosed with, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Treatment options examined include the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib, bosutinib, and ponatinib, as well as allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) and Interferon-a (IFNa). Special consideration is paid to the use of TKIs in the treatment of elderly patients with CML.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adolescents and young adults with cancer. The guideline discusses risk factors, screening, diagnosis, management, follow-up, supportive care, and palliative care for patients between 15 and 39 years of age. Unique issues discussed include adherence to treatment, the impact of cancer and its treatment on fertility, management of cancer during pregnancy, relationship management, and socioeconomic issues.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of stage I to III melanoma in adult patients. The guideline discusses classification, resection margins, sentinel node biopsy, adjuvant treatments, initial work-up, follow-up, and the role of molecular biology tests. The guideline also compares the recommendations provided by other European guidelines and addresses any disparities in recommendations.

This clinical practice guideline focuses on molecular biomarker testing for patients with early and advanced colorectal cancer. The recommendations are intended to help establish standard molecular biomarker testing, guide decisions on whether or not to use epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy, and to ensure that the most effective and advance personalized care is delivered to patients.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women presenting with suspicious adnexal masses, either symptomatic or asymptomatic. The guideline examines the optimal strategies for preoperative identification of adnexal masses that are suspicious for ovarian cancer, and the most appropriate surgical procedures for those identified.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of adult onset sarcoma. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up options for sarcoma. Imaging modalities for the purpose of diagnosis and staging are compared, while the importance of multidisciplinary care and the effects of delayed referrals to specialists are discussed. In addition, pre-operative and post-operative radiotherapy are compared, and the guideline also examines adjuvant and systemic chemotherapy, as well as surgical procedures. This guideline is wiki-based and is constantly updated as new evidence arises - this review pertains to the guideline as of April 23, 2018.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with suspected or incidentally diagnosed adnexal masses. The guideline discusses the use of ultrasonography and serum marker testing during initial evaluation, which findings indicate malignant versus benign masses, and the appropriate situations for surgery versus observation. Specific recommendations are also provided for adolescents and pregnant women.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with hematological malignancies including allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) recipients. The guideline provides recommendations for the management of central nervous system infections in these patients. Specific topics addressed include epidemiology and causative agents, pathogenesis, prophylaxis, diagnosis, antimicrobial treatment, and adjunctive treatment.

This guideline covers diagnosing and managing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in people aged 16 years and over. It aims to improve care for people with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by promoting the best tests for diagnosis and staging and the most effective treatments for 6 of the subtypes: follicular lymphoma, MALT lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, and peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Tests and treatments covered include excision biopsy, radiotherapy, immunochemotherapy and stem cell transplantation.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of epithelial ovarian cancer. This guideline covers: carcinoma of the ovary, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal carcinoma; epithelial carcinoma, e.g. serious, mucinous, clear cell or endometrioid histology; borderline and invasive disease, diagnosis and first-line treatment; and follow-up after treatment. Recommendations consider patient values and preferences when treated for ovarian cancer.

A clinical practice guideline for adult patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The guideline examines diagnosis, staging, and treatment of newly diagnosed, relapsed, and refractory leukemia. Outcomes of interest include progression-free survival, reduced adverse events, and treatment response.

This is a clinical practice guideline for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL). The guideline focuses on recommendations for diagnostic workup, treatment, and surveillance strategies for the most common subtypes of NHL, in addition to a general discussion on the classification systems used in NHL and supportive care considerations. The most common NHL subtypes that are covered in the guideline are: Mature B-cell lymphomas, Mature T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas, Post Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders (PTLD), and Castleman's Disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for multiple myeloma. The guideline addresses diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up care. It offers specific recommendations for primary therapy, surveillance and follow-up tests for solitary plasmacytoma, smoldering (asymptomatic) myeloma, active (symptomatic) multiple myeloma, as well as for transplant and non-transplant candidates.

This clinical practice guideline reviews workup and treatment of bone cancer, with specific recommendations provided for chondrosarcoma, chordoma, Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors, and osteosarcoma. Surveillance and relapse is also reviewed. An overview of systemic therapy agents is provided, and principles of radiation therapy are discussed.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Induction therapy and post-remission (consolidation) therapy are reviewed with recommendations stratified by risk and age. Specific recommendations are provided for the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The guideline also discusses therapy for relapse, evaluation and treatment of CNS leukemia, and supportive care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The guideline provides updated recommendations around prevention and screening, evaluation and staging, treatment, and follow up care. Areas of focus are discussed with recognition that much progress has been made in regards to screening, minimally invasive techniques for diagnosis and treatment, advances in radiation therapy (RT) including stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR), and targeted therapies.

This clinical practice guideline reviews diagnostic assessment and management of prostate cancer. The guideline discusses risk stratification, molecular testing, and imaging for clinical assessment and staging workup. Management options reviewed include observation, active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, with treatment recommendations stratified by risk. Outcomes of interest include survival and adverse effects of treatment.

This clinical practice guideline reviews the use of sentinel node biopsy (SLNB) as a diagnostic tool for adult patients with malignant melanoma. Topics of discussion include indications and contraindications of SLNB, pathological examination of the sentinel nodes, and indications for therapeutic node dissection and recommended extent of dissection. The use of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration is also discussed. Outcomes of interest include test sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value, as well as rate of nodal recurrence and survival.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with primary cutaneous melanoma. The guideline examines diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up including preventive excision and body mapping. Outcomes of interest include melanoma-specific survival and morbidity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for pre-treatment local staging of prostate cancer. The use of MRI for pre-treatment local staging is juxtaposed with the ways in which prostate cancer is conventionally detected which includes prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, digital rectal examination (DRE), and biopsy-confirmed diagnosis by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). The guideline therefore explores the performance and diagnostic accuracy of MRI, as well as the impact of pre-treatment local staging by MRI on patient on patient outcomes, biochemical recurrence, changes in treatment planning (including nerve- sparing surgery), changes in stage classification, and surgical margin status in men with newly diagnosed biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer who are under consideration for radical treatment.

A clinical practice guideline for women with stage I ovarian cancer. The guideline examines adjuvant therapy, primarily systemic therapies, in relation to surgical staging. Outcomes of interest include overall and disease-free survival.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of locally advanced and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. Radiotherapy alone is compared to chemoradiation for treatment of locally advanced disease, and preoperative therapy for borderline resectable disease is discussed. The guideline reviews neoadjuvant systemic therapy followed by local treatment and provides recommendations on chemotherapy regimes. Outcomes of interest include progression-free survival, median survival, 1-year survival, and local control.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on the investigation, treatment, and follow-up care of patients aged 16 years and older with cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract. HPV-related disease and less common upper aerodigestive tract cancers including carcinoma of the nasopharynx or paranasal sinuses, unknown primary of presumed upper aerodigestive tract origin, and mucosal melanoma, are also reviewed. Additionally, recommendations are provided on optimizing rehabilitation and function. Outcomes of interest include prevalence, predictive value, sensitivity, specificity, local control, survival (overall, progression-free), treatment-related morbidity and mortality, and resource use, among others.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). The guideline discusses the diagnosis of GISTs using radiology, histology and molecular biology, while also providing recommendations for the treatment of both localized and advanced disease. Surgery, adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment options are specifically examined.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with diffuse gliomas. Diagnosis, as well as treatment methods including chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgical procedures are discussed. The guideline provides general recommendations, as well as specific recommendations for low grade gliomas (WHO grade II), anaplastic gliomas (WHO grade III), and glioblastoma (WHO grade IV).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients undergoing endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) for the real-time guidance of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) of mediastinal and hilar structures and parabronchial lung masses. The guideline discusses the technical aspects of linear EBUS-TBNA, including patient factors (e.g. sedation), procedural aspects (e.g. ultrasonographic features of lymph nodes, needle size, number of needle passes, use of suction, and presence of rapid on-site cytologic evaluation), and proceduralists' aptitude (i.e. training) are specifically addressed.

This clinical practice guideline discusses the evaluation and treatment of patients with suspected solid pancreatic neoplasia. The guideline reviews presentation and clinical evaluation of pancreatic neoplasia, and provides an overview of radiologic and endoscopic modalities for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, neuroendocrine tumours (NETS) of the pancreas, solid pseudopapillary tumours (SPTs), metastatic disease, and lymphoma. Screening for pancreatic cancer is also discussed. Outcomes of interest include sensitivity and specificity, as well as adverse events.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Recommendations are provided on diagnostic procedure, risk stratification, variant histologies, urine markers, and treatment options including TURBT/Repeat resection, intravesical therapy, BCG/maintenance, and chemotherapy BCG combinations. BCG relapse and salvage regimens are reviewed as is the role of cystectomy and cystoscopy. Additionally, recommendations are provided for risk adjusted surveillance and follow-up strategies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for recurrent Hodgkin lymphoma. The guideline provides recommendations for the treatment of patients with early relapsed or progressive disease. Areas of focus include: stem cell transplantation, the role of radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for soft tissue sarcoma. The guideline examines diagnosis, treatment and follow up. Various stages are addressed, as well as a various treatment options and disease progression. Guidance is presented for specific issues (e.g., gastrointestinal stromal tumors).

This is a clinical practice guideline for chronic lymphocytic leukemia/ small lymphocytic lymphoma. This guideline provides recommendations relating to diagnosis, prognostic factors, workup, staging, and response criteria. It also provides recommendations as they pertain to treatment options, which include discussions about first-line therapy, relapsed or refractory therapy, as well as assessment of functional status and comorbidity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for gastric cancer. The guideline provides an evidence- and consensus-based treatment approach for the management of patients with gastric cancer. Topic areas discussed within the guideline include: staging, principles of pathology, surgery, endoscopic therapies, radiation therapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy, and follow-up.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the investigation and diagnosis of suspected lung cancer and referral for treatment, particularly for patients residing in Nova Scotia. The guideline reviews the investigation process from initial presentation to treatment referral. Topics include principles of communication between patient-provider and among providers throughout the diagnostic process, standards for initial investigation, appropriate use of imaging (CT, MRI, PET, bone scan) and biopsy and laboratory testing, as well as recommendations regarding treatment referral upon diagnosis. Referrals to diagnostic specialists (thoracic surgery or respirology) and to psychosocial and supportive care are also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with low-grade gliomas (LGGs). The guideline examines the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of these patients. Treatment modalities discussed include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs). The guideline examines appropriate management and follow-up strategies for different stages of the two main histological types of testicular GCTs: seminomas and nonseminomas. Outcomes of interest include recurrence and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with neoplasms causing biliary obstruction. The guideline examines the management of malignant biliary obstructions, including diagnostic work-up and treatment options. Recommendations are provided based on factors such as the resectability and location of the obstruction. Outcomes of interest include improved quality of life (QOL) and prolonged survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have undergone allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The guideline examines the prevention, diagnosis and management of post-lymphoproliferative disorders caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections in these patients. Outcomes of interest include the sensitivity and specificity of tests that detect EBV-related post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and the reduction of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing HSCT.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with soft-tissue sarcoma (STS). The guideline examines the therapeutic decision-making processes used for the management of STS in order to improve patient care. Recommendations are provided for staging, diagnosis, and treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with meningiomas. Recommendations are provided regarding diagnosis, including radiological methods used, collection and storage of tissue, and histological verification. Different treatment and follow-up recommendations are also discussed, based on which World Health Organization (WHO) grade the meningioma is classified as (i.e. WHO grades I-III).

This is a clinical practice guideline for the prevention and treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE). The guideline provides recommendations for the appropriate workup to search for occult malignancy in patients with idiopathic VTE, the identification of high-risk cancer patients for primary thromboprophylaxis, the appropriate immediate and long-term treatment for people with cancer diagnosed with acute thromboembolism, the appropriate duration of anticoagulation and the appropriate treatment strategy in patients with recurrent VTE on anticoagulation.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with lymphoma, including small lymphocytic leukemia (SLL)/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), Waldenstroms, marginal zone lymphoma, and cutaneous lymphoma. The guideline examine the use of PET/CT, primarily for staging and response assessment. Outcomes of interest include survival, quality of life, and appropriate use.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the screening, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors. This guideline provides recommendations on issues including: multiple endocrine neoplasia, surveillance of resected neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, lung, and thymus, and genetic counseling/testing in pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas. Most of the guideline sections pertain to well-differentiated, low- to intermediate-grade tumors, although poorly differentiated/high-grade/large or small cell carcinomas are also addressed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline provides recommendations for the initial evaluation and staging, treatment, and follow-up for adults with various stages of kidney cancer. Topic areas discussed in the guideline include: imaging, surgery, lymph node dissection, targeted therapy, and supportive care.

This clinical practice guideline discusses evaluation, treatment (primary and secondary) options, and follow-up care for patients with bladder cancer. Specific workup and treatment recommendations are provided for non-muscle invasive disease, muscle invasive disease, upper genitourinary tract (GU) tumours, urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, and primary carcinoma of the urethra. Non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the treatment of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer. This clinical practice guideline addresses six overarching clinical questions: After a histopathologic confirmation of pancreatic adenocarcinoma diagnosis, what initial assessment is recommended before initiating any therapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer? What is the appropriate first-line treatment of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer? What is the appropriate therapy for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer who experience either disease progression or intolerable toxicity with prior regimens for metastatic pancreatic cancer? When should the concept of palliative care be introduced? For patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer, what are the recommended strategies for relief of pain and symptoms? What is the recommended frequency of follow-up care/surveillance for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer?

This is a clinical practice guideline for small cell lung cancer and lung neuroendocrine tumours. Diagnosis, staging, prognostic factors, treatment and surveillance are reviewed. Treatment options include chemotherapy, with special topics of discussion including elderly patients and second- and third-line therapies, radiotherapy (thoracic radiotherapy, prophylactic cranial irradiation, and palliative radiotherapy), and surgery. Outcomes of interest include survival (disease free, overall, progression-free), response rates, and treatment toxicity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with colon cancer or adenocarcinomas of the small bowel and appendix. The guideline reviews staging, pathology, clinical presentation and treatment of nonmetastatic disease, management of metastatic disease, post-treatment surveillance, and survivorship. The role of vitamin D in colorectal cancer is also discussed.

This clinical practice guideline reviews workup, staging, and treatment for both noninvasive and invasive breast cancer. Special considerations include phyllodes tumor, Paget's disease, breast cancer during pregnancy, and inflammatory breast cancer. Treatment recommendations for invasive cancer are stratified by tumor receptor status and stage. Fertility and birth control is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for teleoncology models of care. Teleoncology seeks to offer solutions to some of the access issues faced by patients and health professionals from regional, rural and remote communities around the world. The focus of the guideline is shaped by a number of clinical questions that include: what teleoncology models of care are available to health services in Australia and overseas; what models of care for teleoncology are available to nursing services; what models of care for teleoncology are available to allied health services; is teleoncology as effective as standard oncology care for the screening of cancer; is teleoncology as effective as standard oncology care for the diagnosis of cancer; is teleoncology as effective as standard oncology care for the treatment of cancer; and is teleoncology as effective as standard oncology care for the palliative care of cancer patients.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with rectal cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on use of MRI for staging, optimal surgical techniques for patients with T1-T2 anal cancer with comparisons made between local resection or transanal endoscopic microsurgical resection and radical resection, and the use of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients who have received neoadjuvant radiotherapy (RT). Outcomes of interest include survival (overall, disease free, metastasis-free, local recurrence free), and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline discusses diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up, and provides specific recommendations on topics such as the primary treatment of RCC without metastases, systemic treatment for metastatic RCC, neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy, as well as the resection and radiotherapy of metastases.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the staging and treatment of colorectal cancer. The guideline focuses on surgical and pathological considerations for the resection of colorectal cancer and provides recommendations on the technique and extent of resection, as well as the reporting of resection results. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, disease-free survival, recurrence rates, and margin status.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis (MBL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). The guideline examines clinical assessment, staging, and treatment including supportive therapy and potential complications. Outcomes of interest include long-term remission, increases in secondary malignancies, and disease progression.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. The guideline reviews risk factors and clinical presentation, and provides recommendations for clinical staging, management of primary legions, management of regional lymph nodes, surveillance, and management of metastatic disease. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are reviewed as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The guideline provides an update to recommendations on standard approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of MDS in both children and adults. The guideline discusses evaluation and prognostic stratification, Topics of interest include prognostic stratification, evaluation of related anemia and treatment of symptomatic anemia, and supportive care. Molecular abnormalities in MDS and comorbidity indices are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with anal carcinoma. Risk factors are discussed and recommendations are provided on risk reduction including HIV immunization, work up, management, and follow-up care. Treatment options are reviewed, with specific recommendations provided for primary treatment of: non-metastatic anal carcinoma, anal canal cancer, and anal margin cancer, as well as treatment for metastatic cancer and for locally progressive or recurrent anal carcinoma. Special considerations are made regarding treatment of anal cancer in patients with HIV/AIDS.

This clinical practice guideline provides evidence-based recommendations to oncologists and others for treatment of patients with locally advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancer (LAPC). The guideline addresses a number of key clinical questions including: what initial assessment is recommended before initiating therapy for LAPC; what is the appropriate initial treatment approach for people diagnosed with LAPC; and for people with LAPC, what are the recommended strategies for relief of pain and symptom burden.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cervical cancer including squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma of the cervix. The guideline discusses diagnosis and workup, principles of staging and surgery, primary treatment, adjuvant treatment, surveillance, and therapy for relapse. Special topics of consideration include incidental cervical cancer, radiation therapy, and cervical cancer and pregnancy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with, or suspected of having, upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs). The guideline reviews diagnostic assessment, staging, treatment, and follow-up. Treatment recommendations are provided based on whether the disease is localized or advanced and include radical nephroureterectomy, conservative surgery, adjuvant topical agents, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Outcomes of interest include risk factors, sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests, survival (recurrence-free, disease-free, and overall), disease progression, morbidity, and mortality.

This guideline reviews clinical presentation and patient evaluation, prognostic factors, principles of management, and treatment outcomes for patients with nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancers. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are discussed as treatment options. Special topics of interest include the management of cervical lymph nodes and the management of unusual pathologies of nasal cavity cancers, namely esthesioneuroblastoma and sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the staging of testicular malignancy. Recommendations are made with consideration of the following variant: staging testis tumour, diagnosed by orchiectomy. The guideline also discusses tumour markers and provides an overview of imaging modalities.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with early-stage breast cancer. The guideline provides recommendations regarding the use of sentinel node biopsy (SNB) for determining the extent to which patients' breast cancer has spread. Outcomes of interest include when to use SNB, and potential benefits and harms associated with SNB.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Recommendations include consideration of: prognostic factors, early stage disease, advanced stage disease, relapsed/refractory disease in the transplant-eligible patient, HIV-associated DLBCL, management of the elderly, frail or unfit patient with DLBCL, and follow-up.

This is a clinical practice guideline addressing lymphoma in the adult population. The guideline focuses on diagnosis and pathology, staging, and treatment of Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, Hodgkin Lymphoma, HDCT and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for lymphoma. Supportive and follow-up care is also addressed. The guideline updates the 2015 guideline of the same title.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with suspected uterine neoplasms. The guideline examines surveillance, diagnostic assessment, and treatment focusing primarily on surgical interventions and systemic therapy. Outcomes of interest include long-term survival and reproductive sparing.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the evaluation, treatment, and management of thymomas and thymic carcinomas. The guideline considers surgical resection, systemic therapies, and radiation therapies for both mediastinal and thymic masses.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of thyroid carcinoma. Recommendations are stratified by histologic type, namely papillary, follicular, Hürthle cell, medullary, and anaplastic. Primary treatment options and assessment and management after initial treatment is reviewed. Recurrent or persistent disease is also discussed.

This clinical practice guideline reviews diagnosis and management of adenocarcinomas of the exocrine pancreas. Risk factors and genetic predisposition are discussed, and the guideline provides recommendations on screening, diagnosis and staging, and treatment options including systemic therapy, chemoradiation, and surgical management. Palliative and supportive care are also reviewed. Topics of interest include an overview of biomarkers, and suggestions for management of premalignant tumours of the pancreas.

This is a clinical practice guideline for Hodgkin lymphoma. The guideline discusses the clinical management of patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL), focusing exclusively on patients from post adolescence through the seventh decade of life who do not have serious intercurrent disease. Areas considered and discussed within the guideline include: staging and prognosis, the role of PET scans, treatment, principles of radiation therapy, and follow-up after completion of treatment.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on esophageal and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancers, including: a review of hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes associated with increased risk for esophageal and EGJ cancers, staging and pathology, imaging, and treatment including surgery, radiation therapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies. Surveillance, management of metastatic, or recurrent cancer, and best supportive care are also discussed. Special topics of interest include treatment and surveillance options for patients with Barrett's esophagus, and suggested strategies to help alleviate the current problems associated with leucovorin shortage.

This is a clinical practice guideline provides evidence-based recommendations to oncologists and others on potentially curative therapy for patients with localized pancreatic cancer. Key recommendations are guided by questions including: what initial assessment is recommended before initiating any therapy for potentially curable pancreatic cancer; what is the appropriate adjuvant regimen for patients with pancreatic cancer who have undergone a resection of their primary tumor; and when should palliative care services be initiated for people with pancreatic cancer that is potentially curable by surgery.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients over 18 years of age with esophageal cancer, including both squamous cell and adenocarcinoma. The guideline provides recommendations on diagnostic work-up, staging, treatment options for potentially curable cancer stratified by stage, and management options for incurable cancer. Esophagectomy, endoscopic therapy, primary chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy, pre-operative chemoradiotherapy followed by esophagectomy and pre-operative chemotherapy are discussed, as well as supportive care. Outcomes of interest include survival (overall, progression-free, 5-year), morbidity, toxicity, and rate of sudden death.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with clinically resectable or resected stage II or III rectal cancer. The guideline reviews the use of pre- and post-operative therapy including chemotherapy and radiotherapy as treatment options. Outcomes of interest include survival (overall, cause-specific), quality of life, acute and late toxicities, and postoperative morbidity (within 30 days of surgery).

This is a clinical practice guideline for the pretreatment staging of colorectal cancer. Recommendations are made with consideration of two different variants of colorectal cancer: 1. rectal cancer, locoregional staging, and 2. colorectal cancer, staging for distant metastases. The guideline provides recommendations as to the appropriate imaging modalities to be used in the initial staging of colorectal cancer.

This guideline is for adult patients over 16 years of age with suspected, newly diagnosed, or relapsed myeloma. The guideline provides recommendations on laboratory and imaging investigations, management of newly diagnosed myeloma, managing acute renal disease caused by myeloma, preventing and managing complications, disease monitoring, and managing relapsed myeloma. Recommendations are also provided on service organization. Outcomes of interest include time to biochemical and/or clinical progression, overall survival, adverse events, quality of life and resource use.

This is a clinical practice guideline for male patients diagnosed with or suspected of having prostate cancer. The guideline reviews classification and staging, diagnostic evaluation, disease management, and follow-up care. Side effects of local treatment and health-related quality of life in prostate cancer survivors are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, cancer-specific survival, development of metastatic disease, sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic procedures, and side effects of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The guideline provides recommendations on initial management of thyroid cancer including screening, staging, risk assessment, surgical management, radioiodine remnant ablation and therapy, and thyrotropin suppression therapy using levothyroxine, as well as long-term management including surveillance techniques, management of recurrent and metastatic disease, and consideration for clinical trials and targeted therapy. The evaluation and diagnostic approach for thyroid nodules is also discussed, including a review of indications for fine-needle aspiration biopsy and interpretation of results, as well as use of molecular markers and management of benign thyroid nodules. Outcomes of interest include survival, recurrence, sensitivity and specificity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for women with vulvar carcinoma. The guideline examines the appropriate use of adjuvant therapy in these patients, following primary surgical treatment. Adjuvant radiation, including dose, fields, and technique, as well as adjuvant chemotherapy, were discussed as potential treatment options. In addition, the guideline examines the appropriateness of different imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and computed tomography (CT), for the staging of vulvar carcinoma.

A clinical practice guideline for adult patients with potentially curable esophageal carcinoma. The guideline examines diagnosis with FDG-PET/CT, staging, and treatment options including chemoradiotherapy and brachytherapy. Outcomes of interest include staging accuracy and treatment response.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the evaluation, diagnosis and management of a suspicious lateral neck mass in adults. Use of history and physical exam, X-ray, CT scan, and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) are discussed along with urgency of referral depending on results. Additionally, the guideline addresses the diagnosis or suspicion of lymphoma, as well as appropriate use of open biopsy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the use of GI endoscopy in the evaluation and treatment of pancreatic neoplasms. Diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is discussed, as is use of EUS-guided-fine needle aspiration (FNA) to determine cytology, chemistries and tumour markers such as CEA, as well as cyst fluid DNA and molecular analysis. Other topics of discussion include emerging techniques for cyst evaluation, adverse events fro EUS, diagnosis by ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography), and endoscopic treatment of cystic lesions.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of renal cell carcinoma. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of renal cell carcinoma, with treatment recommendations stratified by disease stage. Therapeutic strategies are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, cancer-specific survival, recurrence-free survival, and quality of life.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract. The guideline covers epidemiology, etiology, and pathology, staging, diagnosis, prognosis, disease management, and follow-up. Issues addressed in the guideline include: risk factors, symptoms, imaging, preoperative factors, predictive tools, and management for both localized and advanced disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (Ta, T1 and CIS). The guideline covers staging and classification systems, diagnosis, disease recurrence, management, and follow-up. Issues addressed include: imaging, chemotherapy, and biopsy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for immunocompetent adults with primary CNS lymphoma. The guideline provides consensus considerations and recommendations for diagnosis, assessment, staging, and treatment of primary CNS lymphoma. Specifically, the guideline addresses aspects of care related to surgery, systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy, intensive chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation, radiotherapy, intraocular manifestations, and management of elderly patients.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the evaluation of liver disease severity and prognosis. The guideline considers the value of liver biopsy for fibrosis evaluation and compares it to other non-invasive tests. The guideline developers considered a number of different questions including: what are the currently available non-invasive tests; how do serum biomarkers perform for staging liver fibrosis; and what are the indications for non-invasive tests for staging liver disease in viral hepatitis.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of oropharyngeal cancer. The guidelines provide recommendations on staging for primary tumour, regional lymph nodes, and distant metastases; management of invasive carcinoma of oropharynx, locally advanced resectable disease; post-operative adjuvant therapy options, post chemoradiation or post radiation evaluation; salvage therapy; radiation therapy; concurrent chemotherapy; and management of residual disease, loco-regional recurrent or distant metastases.

A clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancers. The guideline examines preferred locoregional staging methods and treatment options including an emphasis on interprofessional care. Outcomes of interest include limited evidence for the benefits of surgical treatment in some cases and some evidence that primary chemotherapy may provide some benefit over radiotherapy.

These inaugural guidelines provide recommendations for the evaluation and management of thyroid nodules in children and adolescents, including the role and interpretation of ultrasound, fine-needle aspiration cytology, and the management of benign nodules. Recommendations for the evaluation, treatment, and follow-up of children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) are outlined and include preoperative staging, surgical management, postoperative staging, the role of radioactive iodine therapy, and goals for thyrotropin suppression. Management algorithms are proposed and separate recommendations for papillary and follicular thyroid cancers are provided.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of female patients with cervical cancer. The guideline examines diagnosis, staging, treatment including surgery and adjuvant therapy, and follow up. Outcomes of interest include fertility preservations and improved quality of life through hormonal replacement therapy during follow up.

This clinical practice guideline reviews diagnosis and management of adenocarcinomas of the exocrine pancreas. Risk factors and genetic predisposition are discussed, and the guideline provides recommendations on screening, diagnosis and staging, and treatment options including systemic therapy, chemoradiation, and surgical management. Palliative and supportive care are also reviewed. Topics of interest include an overview of biomarkers, and suggestions for management of premalignant tumours of the pancreas.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with colon cancer or adenocarcinomas of the small bowel and appendix. The guideline reviews staging, pathology, clinical presentation and treatment of nonmetastatic disease, management of metastatic disease, post-treatment surveillance, and survivorship. The role of vitamin D in colorectal cancer is also discussed.

This clinical practice guideline is for patients diagnosed with or suspected of having melanoma. The guideline provides recommendations on diagnostic assessment, staging, and management. Follow-up care is also discussed, including topics such as management of suboptimal Vitamin D levels and concurrent drug therapies. Outcomes of interest include survival (overall, disease free, melanoma specific), and adverse events (acute toxicity, wound/sensory complications).

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on management of prostate cancer, including diagnosis and screening, management stratified by risk, and follow up care. Active surveillance, surgery (radical prostatectomy), external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy, cryosurgery, High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU), Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT), and systemic therapies are discussed as treatment options. Bone health is also reviewed. Outcomes of interest include survival and recurrence.

This is a clinical practice guideline fore patients who have been diagnosed with or are at risk of developing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The guideline provides recommendations on disease prevention and screening, including risk factors, the role of smoking cessation, and screening programs for early diagnosis. Recommendations regarding clinical presentation are also presented, with specific topics such as imaging studies, and surgical risk, including cardiological risk and the evaluation of respiratory function. The guideline also provides guidance on follow-up, when appropriate.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with biliary tract cancers, including gallbladder cancer, intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and cancer of the duodenal papilla. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of these patients. Tests discussed for the diagnosis and staging include endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), upper GI endoscopy (UGIE), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), cholangioscopy, and laparoscopy. Surgical options are stratified by disease type, and both adjuvant treatment and systemic treatment for metastatic cancer of the biliary tract are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline addressing lymphoma in the adult population. The guideline focuses on the following areas: Diagnosis and Pathologic Classification, Staging, Treatment of Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, Hodgkin Lymphoma, HDCT and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for lymphoma, supportive care in the treatment of lymphoma, and follow-up care in the treatment of lymphoma. Additionally, it seeks to provide recommendations to the following questions: what are the diagnostic criteria for the most common lymphomas; what are the staging and re-staging procedures for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas; what are the recommended treatment and management options for Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas; and what are the recommended follow-up procedures for patients with malignant Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

This is a guideline for the treatment and staging of small-cell lung cancer. The guideline examines treatment through chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery with a focus on potential toxicity. Outcomes of interest include clarified duration of chemotherapy as a first-line treatment and increased use of PET scans for staging.

This is a clinical practice guideline for small cell lung cancer and lung neuroendocrine tumours. Diagnosis, staging, prognostic factors, treatment and surveillance are reviewed. Treatment options include chemotherapy, with special topics of discussion including elderly patients and second-line and third-line therapies, radiotherapy (thoracic radiotherapy, prophylactic cranial irradiation, and palliative radiotherapy), and surgery. Outcomes of interest include survival (disease free, overall, progression-free) and response rates, and treatment toxicity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for Hodgkin lymphoma. The guideline discusses the clinical management of patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) and nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL), focusing exclusively on patients from post adolescence through the seventh decade of life who do not have serious intercurrent disease. Areas considered and discussed within the guideline include: staging and prognosis, the role of PET scans, treatment, principles of radiation therapy, and follow-up after completion of treatment.

This clinical practice guideline discusses evaluation, treatment (primary and secondary) options, and follow-up care for patients with bladder cancer. Specific workup and treatment recommendations are provided for non-muscle invasive disease, muscle invasive disease, upper genitourinary tract (GU) tumours, urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, primary carcinoma of the urethra. Non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder are also discussed.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Induction therapy and post-remission (consolidation) therapy are reviewed with recommendations stratified by risk and age. Specific recommendations are provided for the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). The guideline also discusses therapy for relapse, evaluation and treatment of CNS leukemia, and supportive care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults age 18 years and older who are suspected of having or are newly diagnosed with bladder cancer or cancer of the urethra, or diagnosed with recurring bladder cancer or cancer of the urethra. The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis, staging, and management of muscle-invasive, non-muscle invasive, locally advanced, and metastatic bladder cancers. Management of treatment side effects and follow-up care is also discussed. Outcomes of interest include survival (overall, disease-free), disease-related morbidity and mortality, treatment-related morbidity and mortality, psychological well-being, quality of life, admissions to hospital after diagnosis, adverse events, and cost-effectiveness.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with early rectal cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis, staging, and treatment. Local excision, rectal resection, and total mesorectal excision are discussed as surgical options, and laparoscopic and open approaches to abdominal surgery are compared. The use of neoadjuvant (chemo) radiation therapy is also discussed. Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of diagnostic and staging procedures, local recurrence, survival (5-year, overall, disease free), distant metastases rate, morbidity, and quality of life.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of rectal cancer in adult patients. Imaging procedures for staging are discussed with comparisons made between ultrasound, MRI, and CT scan. Treatment options include neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy as well as rectal cancer surgery, specifically total mesorectal excision (TME). Surgical management of recurrent rectal adenocarcinoma is also discussed.

A clinical practice guideline for the pathological diagnosis of breast cancer in adults. The guideline examines diagnostic procedures based on routine clinical practice and treatment modalities. Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, concordance rates, and margin negativity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with, or suspected of having, primary urethral carcinoma. The guideline reviews diagnostic assessment, staging, and treatment. Treatment options include penile-preserving and urethral-sparing surgery, urethrectomy, radiotherapy, cisplatinum-based chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, transurethral resection (TUR), Bacille-Calmette-Guérin (BCG), and cystoprostatectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy. Outcomes of interest include survival, sensitivity of diagnostic tests, local cure rate, local recurrence rate, and local tumour control rate.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Treatment options are discussed including surgical resection, transplantation, local ablation, transarterial chemoembolization, external-beam radiation therapy, systemic therapies, preemptive antiviral therapy, and drug treatment for cancer pain. Assessment of tumour response and post-treatment follow-up are also reviewed.

A clinical practice guideline for the surveillance of patients following treatment for uveal melanoma and the use of new and systemic treatments. The guideline examines the effectiveness of new surveillance technologies, staging, and treatment including special consideration for patients with hepatic recurrence. Outcomes of interest include local tumour control, preservation of eye function, and progression free survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with epidermolysis bullosa. The guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis, staging, and management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in these patients. Specific topics discussed include surveillance and diagnosis, tumour evaluation and staging, surgical treatment, nonsurgical treatment, the use of prosthetics, and end-of-life care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the use of endoscopic approaches in the evaluation and treatment of ampullary adenomas. The guideline discusses evaluation of ampullary lesions before endoscopic therapy, the role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in assessment, and endoscopic resection. The role of EUS in management of duodenal adenomas is also examined. Adverse events and post-procedural care and surveillance are also addressed.

This is a clinical practice guideline on muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. This is an update to the European Association of Urology's 2000 guidelines on bladder cancer and provides recommendations related to staging, diagnostic evaluation, management, and follow-up. Issues addressed include: imaging, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and recurrence.

A clinical practice guideline for treatment of uterine cervical cancer. The guideline examines updated evidence on primary treatments, treatment for recurrent cancers, and additional presentations, focusing primarily of lymphadenectomy and hysterectomy. Outcomes of interest include recurrence and fertility preservation.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis and treatment, with discussions on surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other anticancer drug therapies. Topics include surgical techniques, the use of neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy, postoperative follow-up care, the use of ureteroscopic kidney-sparing surgery, instillation of BCG or other anticancer drugs into the upper urinary tract, treatment of metastatic or recurrent UTUC, and use of radiotherapy alone as treatment. Epidemiology is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the treatment of unknown primary head and neck cancer. An unknown or 'occult' primary is one where a primary tumour cannot be identified after appropriate investigation, in a patient with no prior history of head and neck cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on the initial workup of all patients with a neck mass, as well as recommendations for staging, management, and cases of recurrent disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in adult patients over 18 years of age. The 2015 update incorporates new evidence from research involving tyrosine kinase inhibitors for the treatment of CML. Guideline recommendations stem from the following three questions: what diagnostic and baseline investigations are recommended for adult patients with suspected or confirmed CML; what are the recommended treatment options for CML; and what are the criteria for monitoring response to treatment?

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. The guideline reviews risk factors and clinical presentation, and provides recommendations for clinical staging, management of primary legions, management of regional lymph nodes, surveillance, and management of metastatic disease. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are reviewed as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for gastric cancer. The guideline provides an evidence- and consensus-based treatment approach for the management of patients with gastric cancer. Topic areas discussed within the guideline include: staging, principles of pathology, surgery, endoscopic therapies, radiation therapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy, and follow-up.

This clinical practice guideline reviews workup, staging, and treatment for both noninvasive and invasive breast cancer. Special considerations include phyllodes tumour, Paget's disease, breast cancer during pregnancy, and inflammatory breast cancer. Treatment recommendations for invasive cancer are stratified by tumour receptor status and stage. Fertility and birth control are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with anal carcinoma. Risk factors are discussed and recommendations are provided on risk reduction including HIV immunization, work up, management, and follow-up care. Treatment options are reviewed, with specific recommendations provided for primary treatment of: non-metastatic anal carcinoma, anal canal cancer, and anal margin cancer, as well as treatment for metastatic cancer and for locally progressive or recurrent anal carcinoma. Special considerations are made regarding treatment of anal cancer in patients with HIV/AIDS.

This clinical practice guideline discusses the use of combined endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and esophageal ultrasound (EUS-(B) for mediastinal nodal staging of lung cancer. The use of EBUS/EUS for the analysis of the primary lung tumour and the left adrenal gland is also discussed. Other topics of consideration include training issues. Outcomes of interest include sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, complication rate, and positive and negative predictive values.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with pulmonary neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumours, including typical and atypical presentations. The guideline examines diagnosis and staging, primarily through pathology and contract CT, and treatment focusing on surgical management.

A clinical practice guideline for renal cell carcinoma staging. The guideline examines staging through multiple imaging modalities, including CT, MRI, PET, bone scans, chest radiography, ultrasound, and arteriography. Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, reduced cost, and detection of metastasis.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients diagnosed with or suspected of having small cell lung cancer. The guideline reviews screening, work-up, and treatment for limited stage and extensive stage cancer. Recommendations are also provided on follow up care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the treatment of oral cavity cancer. The guideline addresses staging, pre-treatment investigations. management with recommendations given by cancer stage (stage I and II, advanced (T3) and very advanced (T4B) and by site (anterior tongue, buccal mucosa, floor of mouth, retromolar trigone, and hard palate and alveolar ridge). Follow up care is also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of thyroid carcinoma. Recommendations are stratified by histologic type, namely papillary, follicular, Hürthle cell, medullary, and anaplastic. Primary treatment options and assessment and management after initial treatment is reviewed. Recurrent or persistent disease is also discussed.

This clinical practice guideline reviews diagnostic assessment and management of prostate cancer. The guideline discusses risk stratification, molecular testing, and imaging for clinical assessment and staging workup. Management options reviewed include observation, active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, with treatment recommendations stratified by risk. Outcomes of interest include survival and adverse effects of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The guideline provides updated recommendations around prevention and screening, evaluation and staging, treatment, and follow up. Areas of focus are discussed with recognition that much progress has been made in regards to screening, minimally invasive techniques for diagnosis and treatment, advances in radiation therapy (RT) including stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR), and targeted therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas (NHL). The guideline focuses on recommendations for diagnostic workup, treatment, and surveillance strategies for the most common subtypes of NHL, in addition to a general discussion on the classification systems used in NHL and supportive care considerations. The most common NHL subtypes that are covered in the guideline are: Mature B-cell lymphomas, Mature T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas, Post Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders (PTLD), and Castleman's Disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The guideline provides an update to recommendations on standard approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of MDS in adults. These recommendations are based on a review of recent clinical evidence that has led to important advances in treatment or has yielded new information on biological factors that may have prognostic significance in MDS.

This is a clinical practice guideline for kidney cancer. The guideline provides recommendations for the initial evaluation and staging, treatment, and follow-up for adults with various stages of kidney cancer. Topic areas discussed in the guideline include: imaging, surgery, lymph node dissection, targeted therapy, and supportive care.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on esophageal and esophagogastric junction (EGJ) cancers, including: a review of hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes associated with increased risk for esophageal and EGJ cancers, staging and pathology, imaging, and treatment including surgery, radiation therapy, combined modality therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies. Surveillance, management of metastatic, or recurrent cancer, and best supportive care are also discussed. Special topics of interest include treatment and surveillance options for patients with Barrett's esophagus, and suggested strategies to help alleviate the current problems associated with leucovorin shortage.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with cervical cancer including squamous cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma of the cervix. The guideline discusses diagnosis and workup, principles of staging and surgery, primary treatment, adjuvant treatment, surveillance, and therapy for relapse. Special topics of consideration include incidental cervical cancer, radiation therapy, and cervical cancer and pregnancy.

This clinical practice guideline discusses the use of endoscopy in patients with malignant and premalignant conditions of the stomach including gastric polyps, gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM), pernicious anemia, gastric carcinoid tumours, adenocarcinoma, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, and GI stromal tumours (GISTs). Surveillance endoscopy, staging ultrasound, biopsy, polypectomy, resection (surgical and endoscopic), and open gastrojejunostomy are discussed. Outcomes of interest include risk factors for dysplasia and gastric cancer, as well as survival rate, accuracy of staging techniques, and treatment complication rate.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with Barrett's esophagus (BE) without dysplasia and BE with dysplasia and/or early esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Topics of discussion include: endoscopic and histological definitions of BE and early EAC; prevalence, incidence, natural history, and risk factors for BE and early EAC; and management of BE and early EAC, including modification of lifestyle factors, screening, surveillance, and medical, endoscopic, and surgical interventions.

A clinical practice guideline for the staging and treatment of squamous cell carcinoma. The guideline examines treatment options, primarily surgical excision, and provides guidelines for immunocompromised and high-risk patients. Outcomes of interest include improved tissue sparing through Mohs micrographic surgery, and improved understandings of surgical margins. This guideline is Chapter 5 of 5 of the Non-melanoma Skin Cancer in Canada guideline series.

A clinical practice guide for the staging and treatment of basal cell carcinoma. The guideline examines numerous treatment options, including cryosurgery, topical, and photodynamic approaches. Outcomes of interest include reduced recurrence rates with surgical excision and Mohs micrographic surgery. This guideline is Chapter 4 of 5 of the Non-melanoma Skin Cancer in Canada guideline series.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults over the age of 18 years with unresectable stage III and stage IV cutaneous melanoma, without involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). The guideline reviews the use of BRAF biomarker testing, and provides recommendations for first- and second-line systemic therapy options. BRAF Inhibitors, MEK inhibitors, immune checkpoint Inhibitors, other biological agents (e.g. imatinib and bevacizumab), and chemotherapy agents are reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults over the age of 18 years with Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin. The guideline provides recommendations on staging and work-up, treatment options including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, and follow-up care. The guideline also provides recommendations on management of recurrences, and reviews sentinel lymph node biopsy protocol.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with pancreatic cysts. The guideline evaluates the evidence for diagnosing and managing pancreatic cysts. Important aspects discussed in the guideline include the taking of a detailed patient history, the use of imaging, and surgery. Outcomes of interest include the prevention of mortality from cystadenocarcinoma, the appropriateness of surgical intervention, and the progression of malignancy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, risk assessment, and treatment. Management options are stratified by stage and cancer type (seminoma or nonseminoma). Second-line therapy for metastatic germ cell tumours is reviewed with recommendations provided for palliative therapy and treatment of brain metastases.

This clinical practice guideline reviews workup and treatment of bone cancer, with specific recommendations provided for chondrosarcoma, chordoma, Ewing's sarcoma family of tumours, and osteosarcoma. Surveillance and relapse are also reviewed. An overview of systemic therapy agents is provided, and principles of radiation therapy are discussed.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of adult patients with cancer of the uterine cervix, including squamous, adenocarcinomas, and adenosquamous carcinomas. The guideline examines treatment, primarily through surgery and radiotherapy, staging, and follow-up. Outcomes of interest include improved survival benefits through chemoradiotherapy and improved outcomes thought the addition of ifosamide to recommended chemotherapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with locally advanced stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The guideline reviews heterogeneity in disease and provides recommendations on sub-staging, diagnostic work-up, assessment of relevant comorbidities, and treatment including chemotherapy, radiation, multi-modality therapies, surgical management, and targeted agents. Follow-up is also discussed. Outcomes of interest include mortality, survival (5 year, long-term), remission rates, and toxicity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. The guideline discusses diagnostic workup, treatment options for potentially curable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, and management of unresectable adenocarcinoma of the pancreas including locally advanced and metastatic disease. Surgical and first and second line systemic treatment options are discussed. Toxicity of systemic therapy regimes is also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients over the age of 18 years with acute myeloid leukemia. The guideline reviews diagnosis, classification, ancillary tests, response criteria, prognosis/risk stratification, risk groups as per cytogenetic or molecular status, and management options. Treatments reviewed include chemotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and palliation. Follow up care is also discussed.

This clinical practice guideline discusses genetic testing for patients diagnosed with or suspected of having hereditary endocrine cancer syndromes, specifically multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2), multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1), Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome, and paraganglioma and phaeochromocytoma. Indications for genetic testing of relatives of patients is also reviewed. Genetic testing for Succinate Dehydrogenase B, C and D (SDHB, SDHC, SDHD), menin, VHL and RET mutations are discussed. Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, health outcomes, and psychosocial outcomes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients diagnosed with or at risk of hereditary gastrointestinal cancer syndromes including lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis (AFAP), MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP), Peutz–Jeghers syndrome, juvenile polyposis syndrome, Cowden syndrome, serrated (hyperplastic) polyposis syndrome, hereditary pancreatic cancer, and hereditary gastric cancer. The guideline reviews initial assessment, genetic testing for a germline mutation when indicated, pre- and post-test genetic counselling, and management of patients who meet clinical criteria for a syndrome as well as those with identified pathogenic germline mutations. Outcomes of interest include cancer risk, quality of life, and survival benefit from surveillance.

This clinical practice guideline addresses care of adult patients with differentiated thyroid cancer, specifically within Nova Scotia. The guideline provides recommendations on pre-surgical evaluation of thyroid nodules, surgical treatment and complications, pathology reporting, grading and tumour staging (TNM), risk prognostic systems, and post-surgical radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. Protocols for lab and diagnostic follow-up, management of local and regional recurrences, early and long-term follow-up, and supportive and palliative care management are also addressed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with invasive cancer of the cervix. The guideline addresses staging techniques using imaging. This includes a review of the use of radiographs, excretory urography, transabdominal ultrasound (TRUS), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), lymphangiography and lymphoscintigraphy, positron emission tomography (PET) and PET/computed tomography, and nuclear medicine bone scan. Trachelectomy assessment is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clinical presentation and evaluation is reviewed, and treatment recommendations are provided for Stage I, II, and III or IV disease. Treatment of recurrent or metastatic disease is also discussed. Outcomes of interest include toxicity from treatment, overall survival, progression-free survival, and distant control.