This is a clinical practice guideline for patients undergoing radiation treatment for localized prostate cancer. The guideline examines the use of biodegradable spacers for prostate cancer treatment. A topic of interest is biodegradable spacer insertion as a technology that may be used to decrease toxicity and maintain quality of life (QOL) in appropriately selected patients.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer. Non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, metastatic (Stage IVB) urothelial bladder cancer, non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder, upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, and primary carcinomas of the urethra are all specifically discussed. The guideline provides algorithms for diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The guideline examines treatment options for six index patients that represent the most common clinical scenarios. Recommendations are based on the presence or absence of metastatic disease, the degree of symptoms, the patient's performance status, and whether or not their has been prior treatment with docetaxel-based chemotherapy. A scale for defining patient performance status is also provided.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have been diagnosed with or are suspected of having advanced/metastatic prostate cancer. The guideline provides guidance on the staging, treatment, and follow up procedures for these patients. Topics of interest include radiotherapy techniques, the use of bone scans to assist in staging, and follow-up using active surveillance within a cancer clinic.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. The guideline examines the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up for patients with this form of cancer. Outcomes of interest include optimizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing treatment-related morbidity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have received treatment for prostate cancer. The guideline examines the various imaging modalities that can be effectively used for the follow-up of these patients. Variations of imaging modalities such as transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) are discussed, and the appropriateness of different techniques is examined for different clinical situations.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult oncology patients with neutropenia. The guideline examines the appropriate prescribing of filgrastim for these patients. Indications for which filgrastim should be used are discussed by disease site group. Disease site groups considered include breast, central nervous system, gastrointestinal, gynecologic, genitourinary, hematologic, and thoracic, amongst others.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. The guideline examines the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up for patients with this form of cancer. Outcomes of interest include optimizing therapeutic efficacy and minimizing treatment-related morbidity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline specifically examines the initial evaluation, staging, diagnosis, clinical management options, and follow-up of patients with clear cell carcinoma and non-clear cell carcinoma. Pharmacologic agents discussed include pazopanib, sunitinib, and nivolumab.

This is a clinical practice guideline developed for adult men who have elected to participate in an early prostate cancer detection program. The guideline provides a set of sequential recommendations detailing screening and evaluation strategies for maximizing the detection of prostate cancer that is effectively treatable and that, if left undetected, represents a risk to the patient. Several techniques designed to improve the identification of significant cancer, while avoiding the detection of indolent disease, are highlighted, including imaging, biomarker testing, and biopsy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines various treatment options including active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, other local therapies, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. It also discusses risk stratification, imaging, and estimates of life expectancy. Recommendations are provided for the initial diagnosis, clinical assessment, and staging evaluation, as well as for treatment, which are based on both the level of risk, and specific disease present.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer. Non-muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer, metastatic (Stage IVB) urothelial bladder cancer, non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder, upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, and primary carcinomas of the urethra are all specifically discussed. The guideline provides algorithms for diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with localized prostate cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on the use of moderate hypofractionated and ultrahypofractionated external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), with particular reference to oncologic outcomes, toxicity, and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). The guideline compares variations of imaging modalities for staging MIBC, such as x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorine-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and computed tomography (CT). Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and adverse health effects.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult men who are at average risk of developing prostate cancer. The guideline examines screening methods for the early detection of prostate cancer for the purpose of reducing mortality. Outcomes of interest include prostate cancer incidence, mortality, quality of life, and the diagnostic performance of each of the tests, including the harms of testing (premature death and complications from both testing and biopsy).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients who have been treated for non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline examines the follow-up of these patients, and recommendations are provided for surveillance, clinical assessment, blood biochemistry tests, and imaging techniques.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult men with a suspicion or recent diagnosis of localized prostate cancer. The guideline examines staging, treatment options, and follow-up for these patients. Management is discussed for low, intermediate, and high-risk disease. Treatment options considered include variations of radical prostatectomy, brachytherapy, external beam radiotherapy, cryosurgery, and active surveillance.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs). The guideline examines the clinical presentation, workup, primary treatment, and pathologic diagnoses of these patients. Separate recommendations are provided for different stages of pure seminomas and nonseminomas, and the guideline also discusses second-line and subsequent therapies for metastatic GCTs.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines various treatment options including active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, other local therapies, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. It also discusses risk stratification, imaging, and estimates of life expectancy. Recommendations are provided for the initial diagnosis, clinical assessment, and staging evaluation, as well as for treatment, which are based on both the level of risk, and specific disease present.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with metastatic non-castrate prostate cancer being considered for treatment with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). The guideline examines the addition of docetaxel or abiraterone to ADT, and the resulting effects on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), failure-free survival (FFS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response, overall response rate, and quality of life (QOL).

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline specifically examines the initial evaluation, staging, diagnosis, clinical management options, and follow-up of patients with clear cell carcinoma and non-clear cell carcinoma. Pharmacologic agents discussed include pazopanib, sunitinib, and nivolumab.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs). The guideline examines the clinical presentation, workup, primary treatment, and pathologic diagnoses of these patients. Separate recommendations are provided for different stages of pure seminomas and nonseminomas, and the guideline also discusses second-line and subsequent therapies for metastatic GCTs.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). The guideline examines the diagnostic criteria and management options for ACC. Topics of interest include a discussion of the best prognostic markers for ACC, treatment options including mitotane treatment, and supportive therapies.

This is a clinical practice guideline for asymptomatic men. The guideline discusses the appropriateness of periodic prostate-specific antigen (PSA) based screening for prostate cancer. Recommendations for screening are separated based on patient age.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men and adolescents with hematospermia or hemospermia. The guideline discusses imaging techniques such as transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and their use in the identification of hematospermia's etiology. The guideline examines the appropriateness of different imaging techniques based on patient age, severity of bleeding, and presence of other relevant symptoms.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of localized prostate cancer. The guideline provides a clinical framework stratified by cancer severity to guide the care plan and reviews management options including active surveillance, observation/watchful waiting, prostatectomy, radiotherapy, cryosurgery, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), and focal therapy. Shared decision making is highlighted, and guidance is provided on outcome expectations and management.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of patients with clinically localized small renal masses (SRM). The guideline examines management options for small renal masses, which includes biopsies, active surveillance for patients with significant comorbidities and limited life expectancy, partial nephrectomy (PN), percutaneous thermal ablation, radical nephrectomy, and referral to a nephrologist. Outcomes of interest include recurrence-free survival, disease-specific survival, and overall survival.

This is a provisional clinical opinion (PCO) for chemotherapy-naive men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This PCO examines second-line hormonal therapy and provides recommendations on staging, treatment, follow-up, and palliative care for men with CRPC. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, adverse events, quality of life, and treatment efficacy (defined as response in prostate-specific antigen values).

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with testicular cancer. The guideline examines the pathology of the illness, staging and classification systems, diagnostic evaluation, prognosis, disease management, and follow-up. Topics of interest include diagnostic tools, treatment with chemotherapy, and discussion of quality of life and long-term toxicities after curative treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on prevention, staging, imaging, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Treatment options such as neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and radical surgery are discussed. Other topics of interest include risk factors, comorbidities, quality of life, and pelvic organ preservation techniques.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The guideline provides recommendations for the prevention and management of organ health-related toxicities, and gives best practice recommendations for optimal nursing care of this patient population. Specific outcomes examined include myeloma-induced renal impairment, gastrointestinal symptoms, and peripheral neuropathy.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the appropriate use of immunotherapy for the treatment of patients with bladder cancer, specifically non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, muscle invasive bladder cancer, and advanced bladder cancer. The guideline addresses issues related to the definition of risk categories, patient selection, toxicity management, clinical endpoints, as well as the combination and sequencing of therapies. The guideline also highlights areas for future direction and development to advance the use of immunotherapy in bladder cancer treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for asymptomatic Canadian men. The guideline provides recommendations on the current best practices for prostate cancer screening and early diagnosis, and provides information on new and emerging diagnostic modalities.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UTUC). The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up. Prognostic factors, predictors of survival and recurrence, as well as risk stratification are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, overall survival, recurrence rates, and adverse effects.

This guideline provides recommendations on use of vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty as treatment options for cancer patients with vertebral compression fractures. The guideline outlines clinical criteria for when vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, or focal tumour ablation (FTA) assisted vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty should be performed, and provides recommendations on selecting the most appropriate procedure. The role of radiation treatment, absolute contraindications, and service provider requirements are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult males with potentially curable prostate cancer. The guideline examines surgical procedures and outcomes for radical prostatectomy (RP), while specifically addressing the extent of resection, acceptable positive margins, nerve-sparing techniques, pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND), and the recommended procedures for handling and processing RP specimens. Incontinence, erectile dysfunction, rectal injury, and blood transfusion are discussed as surgical complications that need to be limited.

This recommendation report addresses "best practices" for prostate needle biopsies. Guidance is provided on the spectrum of prostate needle biopsy practices, including patient preparation, biopsy techniques, specimen submission to the laboratory, processing of the biopsy specimen, information to include on the requisition and pathology report, and operational issues. Facility requirements are also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with localized renal masses that are suspicious for renal cell carcinoma. The guideline discusses the evaluation, diagnosis, staging, and management of these renal masses. The management options discussed include partial nephrectomy, radical nephrectomy, thermal ablation, and active surveillance.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer who require or choose active treatment, and are not receiving active surveillance by choice or lack of suitability. The guideline examines the efficacy of brachytherapy, as compared to and combined with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and radical prostatectomy (RP). The guideline also considers which isotopes should be used for low-dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy to maximize clinical outcomes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult men with prostate cancer or clinically suspected prostate cancer. The guideline examines the various imaging modalities that can be effectively used to manage these patients, during initial diagnosis, staging, and active surveillance. Variations of imaging modalities such as transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) are discussed, and the appropriateness of different techniques is examined for different clinical situations.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of non-metastatic muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer in adults. The guideline examines the initial evaluation, treatment, follow-up, and survivorship of affected patients, and discusses approaches to counseling and the role of patient preferences throughout. Specific treatment options considered include neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy, radical cystectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and bladder preserving approaches such as maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumours, partial cystectomy, primary radiation therapy, and multi-modal bladder preserving therapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline examines the staging, diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Management recommendations are provided for treating localized RCC, locally advanced RCC, advanced/metastatic RCC, and recurrent RCC. The epidemiology, etiology, and pathology of RCC are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Recommendations are provided for diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up. The guideline also discusses how to predict the short-term and long-term risks of disease recurrence and progression, as well as the stratification of patients into risk groups. Treatment options are presented based on these risk groups. Management of side effects is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline examines the clinical management of RCC, including diagnosis, treatment, and follow up. The primary outcomes of interest are survival, recurrence, and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines the screening, diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of these patients. Treatment options considered include deferred treatment, radical prostatectomy, definitive radiotherapy, and hormonal therapy. Management of metastatic prostate cancer, prostate cancer in older men, prostate-specific antigen-only recurrence after treatment, and castration-resistant prostate cancer are also discussed, as well as the epidemiology and etiology of prostate cancer, and quality of life outcomes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with primary urethral carcinoma (UC). The guideline provides recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of UC. Staging and classification systems for UC are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include detection rate, overall survival, complications, and toxicity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic renal cell cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on optimal targeted therapies and compares different drug treatments and combinations of treatments. Outcomes of interest include overall quality of life, overall survival, toxicity, fatigue, and other adverse events.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis of prostate cancer. The guideline examines effective diagnostic methods and provides recommendations on testing and referrals. Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Other topics of discussion include factors associated with delayed referral and risk factors that are predictive of prostate cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the use of immunotherapy for the treatment of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Specifically, the guideline addresses the role of high-dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2) therapy, the selection of patients for IL-2-based regimens and the criteria for those choices, the current role of interferon and its use in conjunction with bevacizumab, the identification of biomarkers of response to immunotherapy, the sequencing of immunotherapy with the anti-vascular endothelial growth factors agents, the management of patients with central nervous system metastases, and the potential role and sequencing of new immunotherapy agents including the programmed death 1 / programmed death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway inhibitors.

This is a clinical practice guideline to guide appropriate prescribing of filgrastim in adults. The guidelines looks at a variety of disease sites and is intended as a guide to facilitate a shared approach to the appropriate use of filgrastim. In order provide clarity surrounding the indications in which filgrastim should be used, the recommendations are presented by disease site.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the use of myeloid growth factors in adult patients with solid tumours and non-myeloid malignancies. Benefits and risks are reviewed, the role of biosimilars is discussed, and recommendations are provided for prophylactic and therapeutic uses of both granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factors (CSFs). Recommendations are also given regarding the use of CSFs in the hematopoietic cell transplant setting. Outcomes of interest include efficacy of CSFs, mortality, length of hospitalization, toxicity, and adverse effects.

This clinical practice guideline reviews diagnostic assessment and management of prostate cancer. The guideline discusses risk stratification, molecular testing, and imaging for clinical assessment and staging workup. Management options reviewed include observation, active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, with treatment recommendations stratified by risk. Outcomes of interest include survival and adverse effects of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for pre-treatment local staging of prostate cancer. The use of MRI for pre-treatment local staging is juxtaposed with the ways in which prostate cancer is conventionally detected which includes prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, digital rectal examination (DRE), and biopsy-confirmed diagnosis by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS). The guideline therefore explores the performance and diagnostic accuracy of MRI, as well as the impact of pre-treatment local staging by MRI on patient on patient outcomes, biochemical recurrence, changes in treatment planning (including nerve- sparing surgery), changes in stage classification, and surgical margin status in men with newly diagnosed biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer who are under consideration for radical treatment.

A clinical practice guideline for middle-aged and older men at risk for prostate cancer who are considering, or have decided to have, a PSA test. The guideline examines supporting informed decision making for PSA testing, recommended protocols, and diagnosis and management for abnormal results. Outcomes of interest include reducing over-diagnosis and improved cumulative mortality.

This is a clinical practice guideline for females and males between the ages of 9 and 26. The guideline examines the use of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for the purposes of cancer prevention. The ages at which routine vaccination and catch-up vaccination should occur are discussed, as well as which vaccines should be used for males and females. Special populations such as men who have sex with other men and immunocompromised persons are also addressed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular germ cell tumours (GCTs). The guideline examines appropriate management and follow-up strategies for different stages of the two main histological types of testicular GCTs: seminomas and nonseminomas. Outcomes of interest include recurrence and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Recommendations are provided on diagnostic procedure, risk stratification, variant histologies, urine markers, and treatment options including TURBT/Repeat resection, intravesical therapy, BCG/maintenance, and chemotherapy BCG combinations. BCG relapse and salvage regimens are reviewed as is the role of cystectomy and cystoscopy. Additionally, recommendations are provided for risk adjusted surveillance and follow-up strategies.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with prostate cancer. The guideline examines permanent source brachytherapy in low and high risk patients combined with external-beam radiation therapy and/or androgen deprivation therapy. Outcomes of interest include quality of life, quality of life, complication rates, and biochemical outcomes.

A clinical practice guideline for adults with locally advanced, high-risk prostate cancer. The guideline examines aggressive approaches to prostate cancer treatment, focusing on intensive local therapy through external beam radiation. Outcomes of interest include improved local control resulting in improved outcomes via combination therapy.

This clinical practice guideline discusses evaluation, treatment (primary and secondary) options, and follow-up care for patients with bladder cancer. Specific workup and treatment recommendations are provided for non-muscle invasive disease, muscle invasive disease, upper genitourinary tract (GU) tumours, urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, primary carcinoma of the urethra. Non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder are also discussed.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing external beam radiation. The guideline examines treatment planning and delivery, with specific intervention details for multiple clinical variants. Outcomes of interest include improved clinical outcomes and reduced GI toxicity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for palliative oncology patients 18 years of age or older with low grade/ low volume/ malignancy-associated urogenital or gastrointestinal bleeding, or with malignant gastrointestinal obstruction, compression or invasion. External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with or without , brachytherapy, stent placement, and surgical bypass are discussed as therapeutic options. Outcomes of interest include clinical improvement of symptoms, quality of life, and survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline provides recommendations for the initial evaluation and staging, treatment, and follow-up for adults with various stages of kidney cancer. Topic areas discussed in the guideline include: imaging, surgery, lymph node dissection, targeted therapy, and supportive care.

This clinical practice guideline discusses evaluation, treatment (primary and secondary) options, and follow-up care for patients with bladder cancer. Specific workup and treatment recommendations are provided for non-muscle invasive disease, muscle invasive disease, upper genitourinary tract (GU) tumours, urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, and primary carcinoma of the urethra. Non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with prostate cancer who are receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The guideline examines the effectiveness of therapies that target bone, which can mitigate the effects of ADT on bone health. Outcomes of interest include fracture, bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, skeletal-related events (SREs), bone metastasis, pain, patient-reported quality of life (QOL), and overall survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with prostate cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on the use of immunotherapy for the treatment of these patients, with recommendations separated based on the stage of disease (i.e. whether metastatic or non-metastatic, castration-sensitive or castration-resistant). Specific topics discussed include issues related to patient selection, monitoring of patients during and after treatment, and sequence/combination with other anti-cancer treatments.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The guideline discusses diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up, and provides specific recommendations on topics such as the primary treatment of RCC without metastases, systemic treatment for metastatic RCC, neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy, as well as the resection and radiotherapy of metastases.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the staging of testicular malignancy. Recommendations are made with consideration of the following variant: staging testis tumour, diagnosed by orchiectomy. The guideline also discusses tumour markers and provides an overview of imaging modalities.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. The guideline reviews risk factors and clinical presentation, and provides recommendations for clinical staging, management of primary legions, management of regional lymph nodes, surveillance, and management of metastatic disease. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are reviewed as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for healthy male patients who have elected to participate in early screening of prostate cancer. The guideline reviews types of early detection testing, mainly PSA and DRE, provides recommendations on baseline evaluation, risk assessment, and early detection evaluation, provides guidance on indications for biopsy and direction for management of biopsy results. Special topics of interest include biomarker testing and biopsy technique.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with, or suspected of having, upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs). The guideline reviews diagnostic assessment, staging, treatment, and follow-up. Treatment recommendations are provided based on whether the disease is localized or advanced and include radical nephroureterectomy, conservative surgery, adjuvant topical agents, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Outcomes of interest include risk factors, sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests, survival (recurrence-free, disease-free, and overall), disease progression, morbidity, and mortality.

This is a clinical practice guideline for male patients diagnosed with or suspected of having prostate cancer. The guideline reviews classification and staging, diagnostic evaluation, disease management, and follow-up care. Side effects of local treatment and health-related quality of life in prostate cancer survivors are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, cancer-specific survival, development of metastatic disease, sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic procedures, and side effects of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with a variety of cancers, including lung, liver, and kidney tumours, with a specific focus on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or liver metastases. The guideline examines the effectiveness of thermal ablation, which encompasses radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation, as well as transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), alone or in combination with other strategies. The guideline outlines patient clinical criteria, criteria for service providers, and system-level criteria.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of renal cell carcinoma. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of renal cell carcinoma, with treatment recommendations stratified by disease stage. Therapeutic strategies are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include overall survival, cancer-specific survival, recurrence-free survival, and quality of life.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations for urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract. The guideline covers epidemiology, etiology, and pathology, staging, diagnosis, prognosis, disease management, and follow-up. Issues addressed in the guideline include: risk factors, symptoms, imaging, preoperative factors, predictive tools, and management for both localized and advanced disease.

This is a clinical practice guideline for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (Ta, T1 and CIS). The guideline covers staging and classification systems, diagnosis, disease recurrence, management, and follow-up. Issues addressed include: imaging, chemotherapy, and biopsy.

A clinical practice guideline for prostate cancer survivors. The guideline examines health promotion, screening for second primary cancers, and assessment of physical and psychosocial effects. Outcomes of interest include effective referral, minimized psychological harm, and reduced recurrence.

A clinical practice guideline for adult patients with renal cancer. The guideline examines treatment through surgery and ablative therapy, diagnosis, and follow-up. Outcomes of interest include improved prediction of cancer-specific survival through Karakiewicz nomograms and improved evidence for microwave ablation.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on management of prostate cancer, including diagnosis and screening, management stratified by risk, and follow up care. Active surveillance, surgery (radical prostatectomy), external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy, cryosurgery, High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU), Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT), and systemic therapies are discussed as treatment options. Bone health is also reviewed. Outcomes of interest include survival and recurrence.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (both clear cell and non-clear cell histology) with poor prognosis. The guideline provides recommendations for treatment with temsirolimus, including treatment regimen and recommendations for clinical monitoring and follow-up care. Pre-medication and supportive care is discussed along with adverse events, precautions, and drug interactions.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with, or suspected of having, primary urethral carcinoma. The guideline reviews diagnostic assessment, staging, and treatment. Treatment options include penile-preserving and urethral-sparing surgery, urethrectomy, radiotherapy, cisplatinum-based chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, transurethral resection (TUR), Bacille-Calmette-Guérin (BCG), and cystoprostatectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy. Outcomes of interest include survival, sensitivity of diagnostic tests, local cure rate, local recurrence rate, and local tumour control rate.

A clinical practice guideline for the diagnostic assessment of clinically significant prostate cancer. The guideline examines Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging as an alternative to traditional transrectal ultrasound–guided systematic biopsy in order to reduce over- or under-diagnosis of clinical results. Outcomes of interest include detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer, improved survival, and improved predictive value.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The guideline examines management, emphasizing intravesical therapy and prognostic factors. Outcomes of interest include lower recurrence and longer disease-free intervals with transurethral resection of bladder tumours.

This clinical practice guideline discusses evaluation, treatment (primary and secondary) options, and follow-up care for patients with bladder cancer. Specific workup and treatment recommendations are provided for non-muscle invasive disease, muscle invasive disease, upper genitourinary tract (GU) tumours, urothelial carcinomas of the prostate, primary carcinoma of the urethra. Non-urothelial carcinomas of the bladder are also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adults age 18 years and older who are suspected of having or are newly diagnosed with bladder cancer or cancer of the urethra, or diagnosed with recurring bladder cancer or cancer of the urethra. The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis, staging, and management of muscle-invasive, non-muscle invasive, locally advanced, and metastatic bladder cancers. Management of treatment side effects and follow-up care is also discussed. Outcomes of interest include survival (overall, disease-free), disease-related morbidity and mortality, treatment-related morbidity and mortality, psychological well-being, quality of life, admissions to hospital after diagnosis, adverse events, and cost-effectiveness.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The guideline provides recommendations on different patient types, with consideration to whether patient is symptomatic/asymptomatic, if cancer is metastatic, poor vs good performance status, and whether or not patient has previously received docetaxel chemotherapy. Outcomes of interest include survival (overall survival, progression-free, metastasis-free) PSA PFS, PSA decline, measurable disease response, adverse events/side-effects of treatment, quality of life (QOL), skeletal-related events (SREs), pain-free survival, and pain response.

A clinical practice guideline for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The guideline examines care pathways for nursing in the administration of instravesical instillation, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Important aspects of this guideline include safety and exposure procedures and patient management during the administration of the instillation medication.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis. The guideline reviews risk factors and clinical presentation, and provides recommendations for clinical staging, management of primary legions, management of regional lymph nodes, surveillance, and management of metastatic disease. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are reviewed as treatment options.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the management of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The guideline considers the role of bone supportive agents and palliative radiation in the overall management of CRPC. Due to the fact CRPC includes a wide range of disease types, different management options are considered including for those with rising PSA non metastatic CRPC, metastatic CRPC without symptoms or minimally symptomatic, metastatic CRPC with symptoms, and for patients with CRPC and bone metastases.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. The guideline examines treatment through chemotherapy agents in common clinical scenarios. Outcomes of interest include reduced skeletal-related events (SRE), and reduced adverse outcomes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer who have been previously treated with docetaxel. The guideline provides recommendations on treatment with abiraterone and prednisone including treatment regimen and recommendations for pre-medications, supportive care, clinical monitoring and follow-up care. Additionally, adverse effects, precautions, dose modifications, and drug interactions are discussed.

This clinical practice guideline discusses the use of oral sunitinib as first-line treatment in patients with advanced/metastatic renal cell carcinoma of clear-cell histology who have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of less than or equal to 2 and who are of low to intermediate risk as defined by Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre (MSKCC) risk status. The guideline provides a treatment regimen and recommendations for clinical monitoring and follow-up care. Clinical toxicity assessment is discussed along with common or clinically important adverse events and drug interactions.

This is a clinical practice guideline on muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. This is an update to the European Association of Urology's 2000 guidelines on bladder cancer and provides recommendations related to staging, diagnostic evaluation, management, and follow-up. Issues addressed include: imaging, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and recurrence.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). The guideline provides recommendations on diagnosis and treatment, with discussions on surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other anticancer drug therapies. Topics include surgical techniques, the use of neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy, postoperative follow-up care, the use of ureteroscopic kidney-sparing surgery, instillation of BCG or other anticancer drugs into the upper urinary tract, treatment of metastatic or recurrent UTUC, and use of radiotherapy alone as treatment. Epidemiology is also discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with prostate cancer who have received treatment with curative intent. The frequency by which prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels should be tested in these patients is discussed, and the guideline also examines appropriate diagnostic testing techniques for instances in which biochemical (BC) recurrence occurs. The guideline also discusses psychosocial issues, sexual health, fatigue, urinary health, and bowel heath outcomes associated with prostate cancer treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for healthy male patients who have elected to participate in early screening of prostate cancer. The guideline reviews types of early detection testing, mainly PSA and DRE, provides recommendations on baseline evaluation, risk assessment, and early detection evaluation, provides guidance on indications for biopsy and direction for management of biopsy results. Special topics of interest include biomarker testing and biopsy technique.

This clinical practice guideline reviews diagnostic assessment and management of prostate cancer. The guideline discusses risk stratification, molecular testing, and imaging for clinical assessment and staging workup. Management options reviewed include observation, active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, with treatment recommendations stratified by risk. Outcomes of interest include survival and adverse effects of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for kidney cancer. The guideline provides recommendations for the initial evaluation and staging, treatment, and follow-up for adults with various stages of kidney cancer. Topic areas discussed in the guideline include: imaging, surgery, lymph node dissection, targeted therapy, and supportive care.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients at risk of Birt-Hogge-Dubé Syndrome, the familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome and neurofibromatosis 1&2, either based on clinical suspicion or family history. The guideline reviews indications for genetic testing, clinical utility of specific genetic tests, and follow-up depending on test results and family history. Impact of genetic counselling and test on patient behaviour and distress levels is also reviewed.

This is a clinical practice guideline offers best practice advice on the care of men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). The guideline provides recommendations on the effective evidence-based management of LUTS. Areas covered in the guideline include discussion of: initial assessment, conservative management, surgery, and drug treatment. The guideline also provides recommendations on how to best ensure men with LUTS have access to care that addresses their psychosocial issues.

A clinical practice guideline for renal cell carcinoma staging. The guideline examines staging through multiple imaging modalities, including CT, MRI, PET, bone scans, chest radiography, ultrasound, and arteriography. Outcomes of interest include diagnostic accuracy, reduced cost, and detection of metastasis.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular cancer. The guideline provides recommendations on clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, risk assessment, and treatment. Management options are stratified by stage and cancer type (seminoma or nonseminoma). Second-line therapy for metastatic germ cell tumours is reviewed with recommendations provided for palliative therapy and treatment of brain metastases.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients of all age groups suspected of having cancers including lung and pleural, upper gastro-intestinal, lower gastrointestinal, breast, gynecological, urological, skin, head and neck, brain and central nervous system, haematological, sarcomas, and childhood cancers. Recommendations are provided on recognition and referral or investigations of cancer in primary care. Outcomes of interest include quality of life, sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests and signs/symptoms, positive and negative predictive values of diagnostic tests and signs/symptoms, and cost effectiveness.

This is a clinical practice guideline for referral of patients with suspected prostate cancer by family physicians and other primary care providers. More specifically, the guidelines provide recommendations for referral based on digital rectal examination (DRE) findings and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test results. The research questions that guided the development of recommendations included: what signs, symptoms, and other clinical features that present in primary care are predictive of prostate cancer; what is the diagnostic accuracy of investigations commonly considered for patients presenting with signs and/or symptoms of prostate cancer; and what major, known risk factors increase the likelihood of prostate cancer in patients presenting with signs and/or symptoms of prostate cancer.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with low-risk prostate cancer. The guideline examines the role of active surveillance (AS) as a management strategy for low-risk prostate cancer patients, and aims to develop a standardized protocol to ensure that AS is offered to appropriate patients. Outcomes of interest include survival, and patient compliance.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the treatment of localized prostate cancer. The guideline reviews patient information, radical treatment, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and hormones in mono-therapy. Outcomes of interest include survival (disease-free, overall, distant metastases-free, biochemical disease-free), treatment-related mortality, health related quality of life, and treatment-related adverse effects including impotency, toxicity, obstructive and irritative urinary symptoms and cardiovascular events.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. The guideline primarily examines treatment through chemotherapy agents in common clinical scenarios. Outcomes of interest include reduced skeletal-related events and reduced adverse outcomes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for male patients who have undergone radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer and who have been found to have either positive surgical resection margins (R1), tumour extension beyond the prostatic capsule (pT3a), seminal vesicle invasion (pT3b), or more than one of these features. The guideline provides recommendations on the use of adjuvant radiotherapy following radical prostatectomy. Outcomes of interest include survival (prostate cancer-specific, metastasis-free, biochemical progression-free, and locoregional recurrence-free), time to initiation of androgen deprivation therapy, toxicity (acute and late), and quality of life.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer. The guideline examines diagnosis and staging with specific focus on imaging recommendations, including MRI and CT. Treatment options, including radical chemotherapy and surgery are also discussed based on imaging results. Outcomes of interest include improved treatment selection, specifically in cases where previous treatments have failed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult patients with stage 1 testicular seminoma. The guideline outlines treatment options including radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and provides recommendations on follow-up surveillance. Outcomes of interest include cancer-specific survival, long-term toxicity (including second malignancy), and quality of life.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and associated malignancies in adult patients with HIV. The guideline examines the most common HIV associated cancers, Kaposi sarcoma, high grade B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and invasive cervical cancer, as well as a number of other cancers with higher risk profiles in HIV patients. Outcomes of interest include improved treatment options in consideration of HAART and increased prophylactic options in low-risk patients, specifically with regards to lifestyle changes and vaccinations.

This is a clinical practice guideline for prostate cancer survivors. The guideline discusses health promotion, surveillance for prostate cancer recurrence, screening for second primary cancers, long-term and late effects assessment and management, and psychosocial issues. Care coordination and implications for clinical practice are also discussed.

This guideline set provides recommendations on required reports for referrals for: breast, gastrointestinal (esophagus, stomach, colon-rectum, anus, pancreas, liver, biliary tract/gall bladder), genitourinary (testis, prostate, bladder), gynecology (endometrium, cervix, ovary, vulva & vagina), head and neck (parotid & submandibular gland, thyroid, mouth, palate, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, nose & antrum, ear), lung, lymphoma and leukemia, melanoma, musculoskeletal and sarcoma, neuro-oncology, primary unknown, and skin (basal cell & squamous cell carcinomas, mycosis fungoides – Sezary syndrome). The guideline provides recommendations on pathology reports, operative reports, laboratory reports, and imaging reports. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

A clinical practice guideline for the treatment of adult male patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The guideline examines systemic therapy options in combination with androgen deprivation. Outcomes of interest include reduced toxicity risk and reduced disease progression.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of renal cell carcinoma. The guideline examines the diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up of renal cell carcinoma, including updates on histology and localized disease treatment through venous thrombus. Outcomes of interest include improved management through nephron-sparing surgery and improved surveillance for small renal masses.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of penile cancers in adult male patients, focusing primarily on penile squamous cell carcinoma. The guideline examines the full continuum of cancer care for penile cancer patients, and provides a variety of treatment options based on staging and diagnosis. Outcomes of interest include improved functional and cosmetic treatment and reduced nodal recurrence.

A clinical practice guideline for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients with Ta, T1, and CIS grade tumours. The guideline examines diagnosis and treatment with a particular focus on adjuvant treatment options. Outcomes of interest include reduced recurrence with smoking cessation, and improved early detection through imaging.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with suspected or diagnosed localised, locally advanced, or metastatic prostate cancer. The guideline examines diagnosis and staging, primarily through PSA testing and biopsy, as well as timelines for active surveillance options. The guideline also examines multiple treatment options based on cancer staging, including hormone therapy, radiotherapy, and radical surgical options. Outcomes of interest include increased prediction of outcomes, overall survival, and reduced risk of bone density loss.

A clinical practice guideline for prostate cancer patients, particularly older men. The guideline examines diagnosis, staging, treatment and follow up, primarily for locally advanced and metastatic cancers. Outcomes of interest include improved functional outcomes and improvements in deferred treatment.

This guideline set provides recommendations on genitourinary cancer, with sub-sections on: prostate, bladder, kidney, testis, penis, scrotum, renal pelvis and ureter, and female urethra. Important aspects discussed in the guideline include: predisposing factors and prevention, screening and early detection, diagnosis, staging, and management. Please note that the sub-sections within this set were published and revised at varying dates, and that the publication year referenced here refers only to the date that the guideline set was accessed online.

This is a clinical practice guideline endorsement on adjuvant and salvage radiotherapy after prostatectomy. The guideline examines management of localized prostate cancer with adjuvant radiotherapy after prostatectomy compared to radical prostatectomy only. Aspects of interest include: adverse pathologic findings at prostatectomy, the risk of biochemical prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence, and clinical progression of cancer.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of upper tract urothelial carcinomas. The guideline examines diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up, with recommendations for treatment based on risk stratification. Outcomes of interest include improved diagnosis to removal time recommendations and post-operative treatments.

A clinical practice guideline for postoperative patients treated for upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma. The guideline examines postoperative surveillance based on risk of recurrence, including standard physical examination, laboratory pathology, cytology, and uteroscopy. Outcomes of interest include optimal surveillance duration and reduced recurrence.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with, or suspected of having, HPV associated lesions of the lower anogenital tract. The guideline examines appropriate terminology for cancers of the anogenital region and provides a diagnostic and histopathologic nomenclature system for use in clinical settings. Outcomes of interest include clarified margins for squamous cells and lesions in terms of both regional definition and staging.

A clinical practice guideline for men in the general population at risk for prostate cancer. The guideline examines prostate-specific antigen testing with or without digital rectal examination, and when prostate-specific antigen testing is considered a necessary and appropriate screening technique. Outcomes of interest include reduced overdiagnosis and false-positive testing.

A clinical practice guideline for adult patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma. The guideline examines staging, treatment, and follow-up, focusing on laboratory work-ups and primary therapy. Outcomes of interest include reduction of tumour recurrence through open bladder cuff excision and higher response rates with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

A clinical practice guideline for the use of robotic and single-site surgery in patients with genitourinary cancers, including prostate, renal, and bladder cancer. The guideline examines the feasibility of single-site surgery in a variety of simple and radical surgical treatments. Outcomes of interest include improved safety, shorter recovery time, and improved cosmetic outcomes.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (i.e., stages T2a/b, T3a/b, T4a and N0-X, M0). The guideline reviews evaluation and staging, treatment, and follow-up care according to stage. Outcomes of interest include survival, recurrence rate, bladder preservation rate, rate of metastasis, and presence of residual disease.

A clinical practice guideline for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients. The guideline examines diagnosis and treatment, with specific reference to intravesical treatment techniques. Outcomes of interest include improved Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy protocols and improved early detection.

A clinical practice guideline for patients post-prostatectomy with or without evidence of recurrence. The guideline examines adjuvant and salvage radiotherapy options for patients to reduce recurrence risks, and provides recommendations for adverse pathologic findings. Outcomes of interest include improved biochemical recurrence-free survival and reduced locoregional recurrence.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer, identified as stages Tis, Ta, and T1. The guideline examines adjuvant therapy, recurrence prevention, and appropriate follow-up, with specific focus on maintenance therapy and treatment failure. Outcomes of interest include improved recommendations for bacillus calmette-guerin therapy and its use in improved maintenance therapy.

A clinical practice guideline for the follow-up and surveillance of clinically localized renal cancers, not specifically including hereditary cancers. The guideline examines follow-up and continuing surveillance procedures based on prior treatment and patient history, specifically for surgical and ablative procedures. Outcomes of interest include effectiveness of screening tests, local and metastatic recurrence, metastatic progression, adverse events, and survival (overall and disease specific).

A clinical practice guideline for the management of renal cell carcinoma. The guideline examines updates existing guidelines on diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow-up, specifically focusing on improved data assessment. Outcomes of interest include improved evidence for the use of nephron-sparing surgery and increased use of surveillance for elderly patients.

This is a clinical practice guideline for men with prostate cancer or suspected prostate cancer. The guideline provides an overview of early diagnostic and screening procedures, management and treatment options, and follow-up care for low-risk, intermediate-risk, and advanced disease. The guideline also reviews bone health and the use of bisphosphonates as treatment for castrate resistant disease. Outcomes of interest include mortality, quality of life, morbidity, treatment complications, and toxicity.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. The guideline reviews management options including detection of metastases and imaging, androgen receptor (AR) signalling therapeutic options, first- and second-line systemic corticosteroid therapy, palliative radiation, and bone targeted therapy. Outcomes of interest include survival, pain, quality of life, skeletal-related events, and disease control.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with bladder cancer recovering from radical cystectomy. The guideline examines preoperative recommendations including medical optimization, intraoperative approaches, and perioperative management. Outcomes of interest include reduced complications and length of hospital stay.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with testicular germ cell tumours. The guideline reviews diagnostic assessment, staging, management, and follow-up care for both seminoma and nonseminomas. Outcomes of interest include survival (overall, disease free), complete response rate, recurrence rates, and toxicity.

A clinical practice guideline for adult patients with primary mediastinal or retroperitoneal germ cell tumours. The guideline examines diagnosis and treatment, via chemotherapy and surgery, and suggested follow-up via prognosis. Outcomes of interest include improved reduction of disease recurrence and reduced hepatobiliary toxicity.

This clinical practice guideline reviews the use of proton beam radiation therapy to treat cancers in pediatric, adolescent, and adult patients. The guideline examines the benefits of proton beam radiation therapy for different cancer types, and discusses the referral and funding process for out-of-country treatment. Outcomes of interest include local control, survival (progression-free and overall), acute and late toxicities, and recurrence rates.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with, or suspected of having, primary urethral carcinoma. The guideline reviews diagnostic assessment, staging, and treatment. Treatment options include penile-preserving and urethral-sparing surgery, urethrectomy, radiotherapy, cisplatinum-based chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, transurethral resection (TUR), Bacille-Calmette-Guérin (BCG), and cystoprostatectomy with extended pelvic lymphadenectomy. Outcomes of interest include survival, sensitivity of diagnostic tests, local cure rate, local recurrence rate, and local tumour control rate.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with, or suspected of having, upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs). The guideline reviews diagnostic assessment, staging, treatment, and follow-up. Treatment recommendations are provided based on whether the disease is localized or advanced, and include radical nephroureterectomy, conservative surgery, adjuvant topical agents, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Outcomes of interest include risk factors, sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests, survival (recurrence-free, disease-free, and overall), disease progression, morbidity, and mortality.

A clinical practice guideline for muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer patients. The guideline examines management stages including diagnosis, staging, treatment, and follow up. Outcomes of interest include optimised treatment options for elderly patients and improved survival outcomes with pre-surgical neoadjuvant radiotherapy.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult males who are asymptomatic for prostate cancer and at average risk. The guideline provides recommendations on prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening depending on age group. Outcomes of interest include prostate cancer incidence, mortality, false positive results, lead time, rate of overdiagnosis, and biopsy related complication rates.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with localized prostate cancer. The guideline qualitatively examines factors affecting treatment decisions and physician perceptions of treatment options. Outcomes of interest include improved understanding of patient demographics in relation to treatment, and clarity regarding roles in the treatment process.

This is a clinical practice guideline regarding the clinical management of Lynch syndrome (LS) (previously referred to as hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer; HNPCC). The guideline looks at improving the identification of LS, optimal surveillance protocols for various cancers, the role of prophylactic hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy, and appropriate surgical treatment for CRC. Other topics of discussion include the influence of lifestyle and environmental factors on the development of CRC in LS, the role of aspirin in the management of LS, prenatal diagnosis (PND) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) in LS, and the psychosocial implications of genetic testing and surveillance.

This clinical practice guideline provides recommendations on the classification, prognostic factors, staging, and molecular biology of adult renal tumours. Tumour morphotype, sarcomatoid and rhabdoid differentiation, tumour necrosis, tumour grading, and microscopic venous invasion are discussed.

This is a clinical practice guideline for people of reproductive age who have problems conceiving, including individuals who are preparing for cancer treatment who may wish to preserve their fertility. Diagnosis and treatment of fertility problems are discussed.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of prostate cancer in adult males. The guideline examines the screening, diagnosis, treatment, and palliative options for prostate cancer patients, with reference to multiple options following failed curative intent treatments. Outcomes of interest include improved screening to rule out radical treatment and treatment deferral.

This is a clinical practice guideline for adult males 18 years of age or older who are being assessed and monitored for prostate cancer. The guideline examines the effectiveness of drugs or nutritional supplements in reducing risk of prostate cancer and prostate cancer-related death in patients without prostate cancer. Outcomes of interest include prostate cancer incidence and risk, mortality, and adverse effects of treatment.

This is a clinical practice guideline for urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the prostate. This guideline provides diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up recommendations. Areas of interest include treatment with intravesical bacillus Calmetter-Guerin (BCG), transurethral biopsy of the prostatic urethra, as well as radical cystoprostatectomy.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the use of curative radiotherapy, with or without concurrent chemotherapy, for patients with urothelial carcinoma. Recommendations are provided for patient assessment and selection and technical aspects of radiotherapy planning and delivery. Outcomes of interest include complete response rate, rate of local control, and overall survival.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with Stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumours. The guideline examines baseline staging procedures and subsequent follow-up post orchiectomy. The guideline also provides monthly follow-up screening recommendations based on risk associated with lymphovascular invasion.

This is a clinical practice guideline for the treatment of patients with localised prostate cancer. Specifically, this guideline examines the role of watchful waiting and active surveillance as treatment options, and provides recommendations on localized prostate cancer management with consideration to patient and tumour characteristics. Outcomes of interest include mortality, morbidity, and quality of life.

This clinical practice guideline examines staging recommendations for determining extent of local tumour invasion and tumour spread in patients with bladder cancer. The guideline examines the use of CT and MRI imaging, both comparatively and consecutively, in the pelvic region.

A clinical practice guideline detailing follow-up procedures for patients who have undergone curative renal cell carcinoma surgery. The guideline provides timelines for follow-up based on ECOG performance status, and gives detailed information for physicians about the importance of pathology results, and the surgical procedures conducted.

A clinical practice guideline for patients with renal cell carcinoma. The guideline examines diagnosis, risk factors, and treatment via surgery and systemic therapies. Molecular targeted therapy and the use of imaging for staging purposes are also considered.

This clinical practice guideline reviews treatment options for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Hormonal therapy, first-line chemotherapy, biological and immunotherapy, bone targeted treatments, radionuclides, and palliative treatments are discussed. Outcomes of interest include median and overall survival, and adverse events.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of patients with renal cell carcinoma. The guideline examines diagnostic assessment and appropriate first and second line therapies, including surgical and minimally invasive therapies. Outcomes of interest include increased assessment for treatment tolerance, and improved median survival.

This is a clinical practice guideline examining the use of cytoreductive nephrectomy in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer. The guideline examines the use of cytoreductive surgery with Interferon, and recommends both relative and absolute contraindications for the procedure.

A clinical practice guideline for asymptomatic adult males at risk for prostate cancer. The guideline examines recommendations for screening on an individual basis to increase the diagnosis of early stage prostate cancer. Considerations regarding frequency of screening include life expectancy and risk factors such as family history.

A clinical practice guideline for chemotherapy treatment in patients with bladder cancer. The guideline examines the risks and benefits of adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and potential confounding factors including surgery. Outcomes of interest include improved treatment for patients with lymph node involvement and reduced staging discrepancies.

This clinical guideline examines the management of adult male patients presenting in primary care settings with signs or symptoms of prostate cancer. Management of patients presenting with unexplained symptoms of metastatic cancer, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), or incidental PSA (defined as results not ordered by the attending family physician/primary care provider), are discussed. Assessment techniques include digital rectal examination (DRE), PSA tests, and prostate cancer nomograms.

This is a clinical practice guideline for patients with newly diagnosed low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer who require or choose active treatment and are not considering or are not suitable for active surveillance. The guideline discusses treatment of prostate cancer with low-dose rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT), and comparisons of LDR-BT treatment alone are made to external beam therapy (EBRT) alone, radical prostatectomy (RP) alone, and LDR-BT combined with EBRT. Different isotope options for LDR-BT are also discussed. Outcomes of interest include biochemical relapse-free and overall survival, prostate cancer-specific and overall mortality, negative biopsy rate, salvage treatment rate, toxicity, and quality of life.

A clinical practice guideline for the screening of prostate cancer in the general male population. The guideline examines the benefits and risks of widespread screening, and evaluates potential optimal screening protocols. The guideline also addresses the general lack of consensus on prostate cancer treatment.

This special advice report reviews the use of cabazitaxel, either alone or in combination, as a treatment for adult patients with castrate resistant metastatic prostate cancer who have been previously treated with a docetaxel-containing regimen. Outcomes of interest include treatment efficacy and adverse events.

A clinical practice guideline for the management of locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer in a variety of presentations. The guideline examines treatment options and palliative care options. Androgen deprivation therapy and psychosocial care are also considered. This guideline is wiki-based and is constantly updated as new evidence arises - this review pertains to the guideline as of June 27, 2014.

This is a clinical practice guideline on the use of external beam radiotherapy for prostate carcinoma delivered with curative intent. Topics of discussion include risk stratification, image-guided radiation therapy, conformal and intensity-modulated radiation therapy, dose prescription and reporting, treatment planning, role and duration of androgen deprivation therapy, and quality assurance.